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Metal Oxide Varistor: Zinc Oxide with 2.5 % Manganese Dioxide, Bismuth Oxide Paste Fired On (Masuyama 1972, Ex. 5)
A varistor with bismuth oxide fired on from a paste instead of mixed in: 97.5 % zinc oxide with 2.5 % manganese dioxide by moles, sintered at 1350 °C, coated with bismuth oxide paste and fired at 800 °C. The disc measured a C-value of 177 at 1 mA and a nonlinearity exponent n of 6.8.
Source: T. Masuyama, M. Matsuoka and T. Nishi (Matsushita), US 3,663,458 (1972), Example 5. Unknown: what the silver paint is, and how strong the epoxy solution of the paste is. The spraying is ours, after US Army Corps of Engineers EM 1110-2-3401 (1999). The 10 g batch is our arithmetic. Picture: the patent's drawing.
Abantado
2 days
Mga Tagubilin
1
1
Weigh 97.5 : 2.5 and wet-mill 5 hours
Weigh 97.5 : 2.5 and wet-mill 5 hours
Mix zinc oxide and manganese dioxide 97.5 : 2.5 by moles. Ours, for 10 g: 9.733 g zinc oxide and 0.267 g manganese dioxide (our arithmetic). Mill wet for 5 hours, then dry, as in Example 1. Unknown: the milling liquid.
Mga materyales para sa hakbang na ito:
Pulbos ng Zinc Oxide9.733 g
Manganese dioxide (pirolusita)0.267 gMga kailangang kasangkapan:
Timbangang panimbang
Gilingang Bolang Bakal
Hurnong pantuyo2
2
Press discs 13 mm by 2.5 mm
Press discs 13 mm by 2.5 mm
Press discs 13 mm across and 2.5 mm thick at 340 kg/cm², as in Example 1.
Mga kailangang kasangkapan:
Haydroliko na pandiin
Hulmahan sa pagpindot ng disk
Kalipers na Vernier3
3
Sinter 1 hour at 1350 °C and furnace-cool
Sinter 1 hour at 1350 °C and furnace-cool
As in Example 2: sinter in air at 1350 °C for 1 hour and let the discs cool in the furnace.
Mga kailangang kasangkapan:
Muffle furnace4
4
Lap both faces
Lap both faces
Lap both faces with silicon carbide abrasive. Example 5 gives no thickness.
Mga kailangang kasangkapan:
Butil ng silicon carbideKalipers na Vernier5
5
Coat with bismuth oxide paste and fire at 800 °C
Coat with bismuth oxide paste and fire at 800 °C
Coat both lapped faces with a paste of 50 % by weight bismuth oxide in a solution of epoxy resin in butyl alcohol, and fire it in air at 800 °C for 30 minutes. The bismuth oxide diffuses into the zinc oxide. Not given: how much paste, or the strength of the epoxy solution.
Mga materyales para sa hakbang na ito:
Bismuth oxide1 as requiredMga kailangang kasangkapan:
Dagtang epoksi
n-ButanolMuffle furnace6
6
Spray aluminium electrodes and attach leads
Spray aluminium electrodes and attach leads
Spray a metallised film of aluminium on both faces. Attach a lead wire to each with conductive silver paint, as in Example 1. Ours, after US Army Corps of Engineers EM 1110-2-3401 (1999): wire-arc spray the aluminium from two 3.2 mm wires melted by an 18-40 V DC arc and atomised by compressed air, 15-20 cm from the disc and never at less than 45°, in at least two coats at right angles of 50-75 µm each. Unknown: the paint.
Mga materyales para sa hakbang na ito:
Bareta ng aluminyo1 as 3.2 mm spray wire
Pinturang pilak na nagdadala ng kuryente1 as required
Kawad na Tanso2 pirasoMga kailangang kasangkapan:
Kalipers na Vernier
Baril na pang-spray na may arko ng kawad
Pang-industriyang panipil ng hanginMga Materyales
6- 9.733 gPlaceholder
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- 1 as requiredPlaceholder
- 1 as 3.2 mm spray wirePlaceholder
- 1 as requiredPlaceholder
- 2 pirasoPlaceholder
Mga Kinakailangang Kasangkapan
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