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Metal Oxide Varistor: Zinc Oxide with Bismuth and Aluminium Oxides, 1350 °C (Masuyama 1972)
Ed

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Ed

28. Oktubre 2026FI
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Metal Oxide Varistor: Zinc Oxide with Bismuth and Aluminium Oxides, 1350 °C (Masuyama 1972)

Masuyama, Matsuoka and Nishi found that adding a second oxide to zinc oxide and bismuth oxide changes the varistor a great deal. This is their Example 2 with aluminium oxide: 99.0 % zinc oxide, 0.5 % bismuth oxide and 0.5 % aluminium oxide by moles, sintered at 1350 °C. The disc measured a C-value of 3.6 at 1 mA and a nonlinearity exponent n of 4.6. Source: T. Masuyama, M. Matsuoka and T. Nishi (Matsushita), US 3,663,458 (1972), Example 2. Unknown: what the silver paint is. The spraying is ours, after US Army Corps of Engineers EM 1110-2-3401 (1999). The 10 g batch is our arithmetic. Picture: the patent's drawing.
Abantado
1 day

Mga Tagubilin

1

Weigh 99.0 : 0.5 : 0.5 and wet-mill 5 hours

Mix zinc oxide, bismuth oxide and aluminium oxide 99.0 : 0.5 : 0.5 by moles. Ours, for 10 g: 9.66 g zinc oxide, 0.279 g bismuth oxide, 0.061 g aluminium oxide (our arithmetic). Mill wet for 5 hours, then dry. Unknown: the milling liquid.

Mga materyales para sa hakbang na ito:

Pulbos ng Zinc OxidePulbos ng Zinc Oxide9.66 g
Bismuth oxideBismuth oxide0.279 g
Pulbos na alumina (aluminum oxide)Pulbos na alumina (aluminum oxide)0.061 g

Mga kailangang kasangkapan:

Timbangang panimbangTimbangang panimbang
Gilingang Bolang BakalGilingang Bolang Bakal
Hurnong pantuyoHurnong pantuyo
2

Press discs 13 mm by 2.5 mm

Press the powder in a mould into discs 13 mm across and 2.5 mm thick at 340 kg/cm², as in Example 1.

Mga kailangang kasangkapan:

Haydroliko na pandiinHaydroliko na pandiin
Hulmahan sa pagpindot ng diskHulmahan sa pagpindot ng disk
Kalipers na VernierKalipers na Vernier
3

Sinter 1 hour at 1350 °C and furnace-cool

Sinter the discs in air at 1350 °C for 1 hour, then let them cool in the furnace to room temperature (about 15-30 °C).

Mga kailangang kasangkapan:

Muffle furnaceMuffle furnace
4

Lap to 10 mm by 1.5 mm

Lap both faces with 600-mesh silicon carbide. The finished disc is 10 mm across and 1.5 mm thick.

Mga kailangang kasangkapan:

Butil ng silicon carbideButil ng silicon carbide
Kalipers na VernierKalipers na Vernier
5

Spray aluminium electrodes and attach leads

Spray a metallised film of aluminium on both faces. Attach a lead wire to each with conductive silver paint. Ours, after US Army Corps of Engineers EM 1110-2-3401 (1999): wire-arc spray the aluminium from two 3.2 mm wires melted by an 18-40 V DC arc and atomised by compressed air, 15-20 cm from the disc and never at less than 45°, in at least two coats at right angles of 50-75 µm each. Unknown: the paint.

Mga materyales para sa hakbang na ito:

Bareta ng aluminyoBareta ng aluminyo1 as 3.2 mm spray wire
Pinturang pilak na nagdadala ng kuryentePinturang pilak na nagdadala ng kuryente1 as required
Kawad na TansoKawad na Tanso2 piraso

Mga kailangang kasangkapan:

Kalipers na VernierKalipers na Vernier
Baril na pang-spray na may arko ng kawadBaril na pang-spray na may arko ng kawad
Pang-industriyang panipil ng hanginPang-industriyang panipil ng hangin

Mga Materyales

6

Mga Kinakailangang Kasangkapan

10

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