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Driving an RGB LED — SIK Circuit 3
Ed

تخلیق کار

Ed

17. مارچ 2026FI
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Driving an RGB LED — SIK Circuit 3

Make an RGB LED display a rainbow of colors! Learn about PWM (analogWrite), color mixing, and how red, green, and blue light combine to create any color.

ہدایات

1

Parts & Introduction

An RGB LED contains three tiny LEDs (red, green, blue) in one package. By mixing different brightness levels of each color, you can create any color in the rainbow. This experiment introduces analogWrite() for PWM output.

Parts Needed

  • 1x Arduino Uno + USB cable
  • 1x Breadboard
  • 1x RGB LED (Common Cathode)
  • 3x 330Ω Resistors
  • 5x Jumper Wires

RGB LED Pin Order (flat edge facing you): Red, Ground (longest pin), Green, Blue.

اس مرحلے کے لیے مواد:

SparkFun Inventors Kit - V3.2SparkFun Inventors Kit - V3.21 کٹ
Arduino Uno R31 ٹکڑا
Breadboard1 ٹکڑا
RGB LED (Common Cathode)RGB LED (Common Cathode)1 ٹکڑا
330 Ohm Resistor330 Ohm Resistor3 ٹکڑے
Jumper WiresJumper Wires5 ٹکڑے

درکار اوزار:

Computer with Arduino IDE
2

Hardware Hookup

Wiring Instructions

  1. Place the RGB LED in the breadboard. Identify pins from the flattened edge: Red, GND (longest), Green, Blue.
  2. Connect the GND pin (longest, second from left) to the GND rail.
  3. Connect the Red pin through a 330Ω resistor to Arduino Pin 9.
  4. Connect the Green pin through a 330Ω resistor to Arduino Pin 10.
  5. Connect the Blue pin through a 330Ω resistor to Arduino Pin 11.

Pins 9, 10, and 11 are all PWM-capable (marked with ~ on the board).

اس مرحلے کے لیے مواد:

RGB LED (Common Cathode)RGB LED (Common Cathode)1 ٹکڑا
330 Ohm Resistor330 Ohm Resistor3 ٹکڑے
Breadboard1 ٹکڑا
Jumper WiresJumper Wires5 ٹکڑے
3

Arduino Code

Open the Arduino IDE and upload the following sketch to your Arduino board.

rgb_led.inoarduino
/*
SparkFun Inventor's Kit
Example sketch 03 — RGB LED

Make an RGB LED display a rainbow of colors!

Hardware connections:
  RGB LED pins (from flattened edge): RED, COMMON, GREEN, BLUE
  RED -> 330 ohm resistor -> Pin 9
  COMMON -> GND
  GREEN -> 330 ohm resistor -> Pin 10
  BLUE -> 330 ohm resistor -> Pin 11

This code is completely free for any use.
*/

const int RED_PIN = 9;
const int GREEN_PIN = 10;
const int BLUE_PIN = 11;

int DISPLAY_TIME = 10;  // milliseconds

void setup()
{
  pinMode(RED_PIN, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(GREEN_PIN, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(BLUE_PIN, OUTPUT);
}

void loop()
{
  mainColors();
  showSpectrum();
}

void mainColors()
{
  // Off
  digitalWrite(RED_PIN, LOW);
  digitalWrite(GREEN_PIN, LOW);
  digitalWrite(BLUE_PIN, LOW);
  delay(1000);

  // Red
  digitalWrite(RED_PIN, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(GREEN_PIN, LOW);
  digitalWrite(BLUE_PIN, LOW);
  delay(1000);

  // Green
  digitalWrite(RED_PIN, LOW);
  digitalWrite(GREEN_PIN, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(BLUE_PIN, LOW);
  delay(1000);

  // Blue
  digitalWrite(RED_PIN, LOW);
  digitalWrite(GREEN_PIN, LOW);
  digitalWrite(BLUE_PIN, HIGH);
  delay(1000);

  // Yellow (red + green)
  digitalWrite(RED_PIN, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(GREEN_PIN, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(BLUE_PIN, LOW);
  delay(1000);

  // Cyan (green + blue)
  digitalWrite(RED_PIN, LOW);
  digitalWrite(GREEN_PIN, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(BLUE_PIN, HIGH);
  delay(1000);

  // Purple (red + blue)
  digitalWrite(RED_PIN, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(GREEN_PIN, LOW);
  digitalWrite(BLUE_PIN, HIGH);
  delay(1000);

  // White (all on)
  digitalWrite(RED_PIN, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(GREEN_PIN, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(BLUE_PIN, HIGH);
  delay(1000);
}

void showSpectrum()
{
  int x;
  for (x = 0; x < 768; x++)
  {
    showRGB(x);
    delay(DISPLAY_TIME);
  }
}

void showRGB(int color)
{
  int redIntensity;
  int greenIntensity;
  int blueIntensity;

  if (color <= 255)
  {
    redIntensity = 255 - color;
    greenIntensity = color;
    blueIntensity = 0;
  }
  else if (color <= 511)
  {
    redIntensity = 0;
    greenIntensity = 255 - (color - 256);
    blueIntensity = (color - 256);
  }
  else
  {
    redIntensity = (color - 512);
    greenIntensity = 0;
    blueIntensity = 255 - (color - 512);
  }

  analogWrite(RED_PIN, redIntensity);
  analogWrite(GREEN_PIN, greenIntensity);
  analogWrite(BLUE_PIN, blueIntensity);
}

اس مرحلے کے لیے مواد:

Arduino Uno R31 ٹکڑا

درکار اوزار:

Computer with Arduino IDE
4

Test & Experiment

What You Should See

The LED cycles through 8 solid colors (off, red, green, blue, yellow, cyan, purple, white) for 1 second each, then smoothly fades through the entire color spectrum.

Troubleshooting

  • Incorrect colors: With four pins close together, it's easy to misplace one. Double-check each connection.
  • Red too bright: The red diode is often brighter. Try a higher-value resistor on the red pin, or reduce in code: analogWrite(RED_PIN, redIntensity/3).

Experiments to Try

  • Add a potentiometer to control which color is displayed.
  • Create your own color sequences — try a "sunrise" effect (dark red → orange → yellow → white).

مواد

6

درکار اوزار

1
  • 13
    Computer with Arduino IDE
Estimated Total
$139.00

CC0 پبلک ڈومین

یہ بلیو پرنٹ CC0 کے تحت جاری کیا گیا ہے۔ آپ اجازت لیے بغیر اس کام کو نقل، ترمیم، تقسیم اور کسی بھی مقصد کے لیے استعمال کرنے کے لیے آزاد ہیں۔

میکر کی حمایت کریں ان کے بلیو پرنٹ کے ذریعے پروڈکٹس خرید کر جہاں وہ میکر کمیشن وینڈرز کی طرف سے مقرر، کماتے ہیں، یا اس بلیو پرنٹ کی نئی تکرار بنائیں اور آمدنی شیئر کرنے کے لیے اسے اپنے بلیو پرنٹ میں کنکشن کے طور پر شامل کریں۔

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