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پہننے والے آلات
Youblob (generated from this blueprint's notebook) · CC0
The Spool Valve: Steering Oil With a Sliding Rod
A pump makes flow and a cylinder makes force. Between them sits the valve that decides where the oil goes: to one end of the cylinder, to the other, or back to the tank. In almost every hydraulic machine that valve is a **spool**: a ground steel rod with raised lands, sliding in a bore with five ports — pressure, tank, two work ports, and a second tank.
Slide the spool one way and pressure goes to port A while B drains; slide it the other way and the roles swap; centre it and the ports are blocked or joined, depending on the spool's centre. The edges of the lands are orifices, so the spool also meters how fast.
This rung works out the metering, the choice between open and closed centre, and builds a transparent spool valve that shows the oil paths in coloured water.
درمیانہ
About 4 hours
ہدایات
1
1
Metering edges and the centre condition
Metering edges and the centre condition
Jupyter نوٹ بک لوڈ ہو رہی ہے…
2
2
Each land edge is a throttle
Each land edge is a throttle
The spool meters flow the way any restriction does. The embedded blueprint shows how flow through a restriction depends on its area and the pressure across it.
3
3
Build a clear spool valve
Build a clear spool valve
Take 150 mm of clear acrylic tube with a smooth 20 mm bore. Drill five 6 mm holes in a line along one side, 20 mm apart, and glue a hose barb over each: from one end, **T**, **A**, **P**, **B**, **T**.
3D-print a spool: a 10 mm shaft carrying three lands, each 12 mm long with an O-ring groove, spaced so that when the spool is centred the middle land exactly covers **P** and the outer lands cover **A** and **B**. Fit O-rings sized to seal lightly in the bore. A handle on one end, a stop on the other.
Connect **P** to a garden hose through a ball valve, the two **T** ports to a bucket, and **A** and **B** to the two ports of the double-acting cylinder, or to two clear tubes standing up so you can see which one fills.
اس مرحلے کے لیے مواد:
ایکریلک نلی (شفاف)1 ٹکڑا
پی وی سی پائپ کے جوڑوں کا مجموعہ1 ٹکڑا
او رِنگ کا مجموعہ1 ٹکڑا
سلیکون نلی2 میٹر
سمت کنٹرول والو1 ٹکڑادرکار اوزار:
تار والا 3D پرنٹر (FDM)
PETG فلامنٹ
بے تار مشق
مشقوں کا سیٹ
ڈیجیٹل ورنیئر کیلیپر ۶ انچ
گرم گوند کی بندوق
بالٹی4
4
The three positions
The three positions
Blockly ورک اسپیس
Loading Blockly workspace...
5
5
Run it with coloured water
Run it with coloured water
Add food colouring to a bucket feeding a small submersible pump, or tint the hose supply with a dye injector, so the flow shows in the clear bore.
Centre the spool and open the supply: nothing moves, and the supply hose stiffens — that is a closed centre. Slide the spool slowly one way: first a thread of colour as the edge just cracks open, then a full stream into **A** while **B** drains to **T**. Slide it the other way and watch the paths swap.
Then turn the middle land down on a second printed spool so that, centred, it leaves a gap round **P**: now the supply runs straight through to **T** at the centre. That is an open centre.
اس مرحلے کے لیے مواد:
کھانے کا رنگ (بہاؤ دکھانے والا رنگ)1 ٹکڑا
پانی20 لیٹردرکار اوزار:
ڈوبنے والا پانی کا پمپ
اسٹاپ واچ6
6
A valve that will not control the load
A valve that will not control the load
Directional valve faults, in the order to check them.
Flow
Loading...
7
7
Context and honest limits
Context and honest limits
Spool valves go back to the steam age — slide valves on engines, piston valves on locomotives — and became the standard directional valve of oil hydraulics. Their symbols and port letters (P, T, A, B) are now standardised, so a circuit diagram from any maker reads the same way.
**Honest limits.** A spool always leaks a little through its clearance, so it cannot hold a load for long; a check valve does that. Flow through the edges also pushes on the spool (flow forces), which is why large valves are moved by pilot pressure rather than by hand. The printed model with O-rings shows the paths, not the metering: real spools seal by a micrometre clearance, not by rubber.
مواد
7- 1 ٹکڑاپلیس ہولڈر
- پلیس ہولڈر
- 1 ٹکڑاپلیس ہولڈر
- 2 میٹرپلیس ہولڈر
- 1 ٹکڑاپلیس ہولڈر
- پلیس ہولڈر
- 20 لیٹرپلیس ہولڈر
درکار اوزار
9- پلیس ہولڈر
- پلیس ہولڈر
- 1 vendor sell this, none ship to you yetپلیس ہولڈر
- پلیس ہولڈر
- پلیس ہولڈر
- پلیس ہولڈر
- پلیس ہولڈر
- پلیس ہولڈر
- پلیس ہولڈر
متعلقہ بلیو پرنٹ
یہ بلیو پرنٹ علم بانٹتے ہیں — تکنیک، مواد یا اصول
Throttling: Letting Some of It Past
Emma کی طرف سے
میکانکس
7
0
0
0
0
0
Orifice Plate Meter
Emma کی طرف سے
ٹیکنالوجی
37
0
0
0
0
0
One Way Only: The Check Valve and the Bang It Makes
Martin کی طرف سے
اوزار
13
0
0
0
0
0
Safety Relief Valve
Penny کی طرف سے
ٹیکنالوجی
41
0
0
0
0
0
O-Ring Seal
Mary کی طرف سے
دھات کاری
49
0
0
0
0
0
Hydraulic Accumulator
Emma کی طرف سے
دھات کاری
34
0
0
0
1
0
CC0 پبلک ڈومین
یہ بلیو پرنٹ CC0 کے تحت جاری کیا گیا ہے۔ آپ اجازت لیے بغیر اس کام کو نقل، ترمیم، تقسیم اور کسی بھی مقصد کے لیے استعمال کرنے کے لیے آزاد ہیں۔
میکر کی حمایت کریں ان کے بلیو پرنٹ کے ذریعے پروڈکٹس خرید کر جہاں وہ میکر کمیشن وینڈرز کی طرف سے مقرر، کماتے ہیں، یا اس بلیو پرنٹ کی نئی تکرار بنائیں اور آمدنی شیئر کرنے کے لیے اسے اپنے بلیو پرنٹ میں کنکشن کے طور پر شامل کریں۔