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The Free-Spindle Ticket Punch: A Loose Spindle Lifted by a Spring, Close to the Pivot
Warren Hill, Springfield, Massachusetts · Public domain (expired patent)
Emma

Autor

Emma

30. wrzesień 2026SE
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The Free-Spindle Ticket Punch: A Loose Spindle Lifted by a Spring, Close to the Pivot

A punch whose spindle hangs on a small pivot breaks there, and cannot be set close to the levers' joint where the squeeze is strongest. Warren Hill of Springfield, Massachusetts, received US 79,470, dated 30 June 1868, antedated 5 May 1868, as "an improvement upon the invention of the said William J. Phelps". His spindle is not attached to either lever: it slides in a cylindrical guide, a plate fixed to it projects into a recess over a spiral spring that raises it, and lever A bears on its rounded top. "By this construction I am enabled to place the die-spindle nearer the fulcrum of the levers, and also cause the lever A to bear wholly upon the extreme end of the die-spindle C, and thus increase the power of the punch to perforate the thicker board or paper tickets." Springs on stems at the levers' ends open them and serve as a finger loop, and the stems act as stops. This rung works out the gain from moving the spindle toward the pivot, with a work check, then makes the punch with a free, spring-lifted spindle and punches card of two thicknesses.
Zaawansowany
About 6 hours

Instrukcje

1

Closer to the pivot

Wczytywanie notatnika Jupyter…
2

The punch it improves

The embedded blueprint pivots the spindle to one lever. Hill frees it, lifts it with a spring, and sets it nearer the fulcrum.
3

Read US 79,470

"To raise the die-spindle when the levers are opened again, I attach the projecting plate e rigidly to the side of the spindle, which has a circular portion and a neck, which enters the spindle, and is fastened securely therein; or I may form the die-spindle C and its projection e in one piece, or from one piece of metal. Beneath this circular plate e, I form a recess, f′, in B, and insert a spiral spring, f, the upper end of which bears against the plate, and tends to raise the die-spindle." "I am aware that a device has been used as a ticket-punch, as shown in Letters Patent granted to William J. Phelps, and dated September 17, 1867; but my device differs from that very materially in its construction, inasmuch as said Phelps's device has a spindle which is pivoted to one lever by a small pivot, which is liable to breakage"
4

Make the punch and try thick card

**Levers.** Cut two levers from flat bar, A with a semicircular ear at its end and B with cheeks to take it, and join them with a screw b as the pivot. Saw a ticket slot h across B's jaw close to the pivot. **Guide, die and spindle.** Drill a guide j through B above the slot, set a hardened die plate below it with a slightly conical opening g underneath, and file a 5 mm rod as the spindle with a rounded top i. Solder a small washer to its side as the plate e. **Spring.** Drill a recess f′ in B beside the guide, put a short spring in it under the washer, and file a recess c′ in A that bears on the spindle's top. **Opening spring and stops.** Turn a stem m down from each lever's end and fit one long spring over both stems, so it opens the levers and makes the finger loop; leave the stems long enough to stop the levers just as the spindle meets the die. **Test.** Punch thin card and then card twice as thick, reading the squeeze with the spring scale. Compare with the pivoted-spindle punch.

Materiały do tego kroku:

Płaskownik ze stali miękkiejPłaskownik ze stali miękkiej0.35 metr
Pręt ze stali niskowęglowejPręt ze stali niskowęglowej0.1 metr
Blacha gruba ze stali niskowęglowejBlacha gruba ze stali niskowęglowej1 sztuka
Podkładka płaskaPodkładka płaska1 sztuka
Lut hydrauliczny bezołowiowyLut hydrauliczny bezołowiowy1 sztuka
TopnikTopnik1 sztuka
Zestaw sprężyn naciskowychZestaw sprężyn naciskowych1 sztuka
Śruby maszynoweŚruby maszynowe1 sztuka
BrystolBrystol1 sztuka

Potrzebne narzędzia:

Piła do metaluPiła do metalu
Pilniki (pilnik ręczny)Pilniki (pilnik ręczny)
Zestaw pilników iglakówZestaw pilników iglaków
Imadło warsztatoweImadło warsztatowe
Wiertarko-wkrętarka akumulatorowaWiertarko-wkrętarka akumulatorowa
Zestaw wiertełZestaw wierteł
Palnik propanowyPalnik propanowy
LutownicaLutownica
Siłomierz (waga sprężynowa)Siłomierz (waga sprężynowa)
Suwmiarka cyfrowa 6 caliSuwmiarka cyfrowa 6 cali
Skórzane rękawice roboczeSkórzane rękawice robocze
Okulary ochronne bezbarwneOkulary ochronne bezbarwne
5

A punch whose spindle sticks, jumps or stops short

Free-spindle ticket punch troubleshooting.

Flow

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History and honest limits

**Warren Hill** of Springfield, Hampden County, Massachusetts, received US 79,470, dated 30 June 1868, antedated 5 May 1868; J. P. Buckland witnessed it, as he had Phelps's. His levers were pivoted at the end with a semicircular ear on A entering cheeks on B, secured by the screw b; a projection b′ on A met a part g′ on B to limit opening; and a collar on the spindle with the spring round it could replace the side plate. His claim is the spindle C, projection e and spring f with the recessed lever A and slotted lever B. **Honest limits.** Filed flat bar, a soldered washer and bought springs stand in for his made parts. The notebook ignores friction; its forces and lengths are examples. Your punched card is the result.

Materiały

9

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