UBUHANZI
UBWIZA N'UBUZIMA
UBUKORIKORI
UMUCO N'AMATEKA
IMYIDAGADURO
IBIDUKIKIJE
IBIRIBWA N'IBINYOBWA
UBWUBATSI BUSUBIRA INYUMA
UBUMENYI
SIPORO
IKORANABUHANGA
IBYAMBARWA
Absolute Alcohol: Spirit Dried over Potash and Quicklime (Drinkwater)
Youblob · CC0
Charlie

Yaremwe na

Charlie

19. Ukwakira 2026DE
11
0
0
0
0

Absolute Alcohol: Spirit Dried over Potash and Quicklime (Drinkwater)

Strong spirit still holds a few per cent of water. Drinkwater dried it first over potassium carbonate, then over fresh-burnt quicklime, distilling it each time from a water bath at about 82°, until its specific gravity fell to 0.794 at 15.6° (Thorpe, 1912). Keep it away from flames and stoppered: it takes water back from the air. The picture: our diagram.
Hagati
About 10 days

Amabwiriza

1

Over potash

Let 1 litre of strong spirit stand over 300 g of dry potassium carbonate for 24 hours, shaking now and then. Pour off the spirit.

Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:

Etanoli - urwego rw'ubushakashatsi, 95 %Etanoli - urwego rw'ubushakashatsi, 95 %1 litiro

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Karubonate ya potasiyumu (potashi)Karubonate ya potasiyumu (potashi)
Amacupa y'ikirahuri afite ibipfundikizoAmacupa y'ikirahuri afite ibipfundikizo
Umunzani w'ibiroUmunzani w'ibiro
2

Over quicklime

Put the spirit in the retort with as much fresh-burnt quicklime, broken small, as will soak up all of it, and let it stand.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Ishwagara idazimyeIshwagara idazimye
Icupa ry'ikirahure ryo gutekeramoIcupa ry'ikirahure ryo gutekeramo
Isekuru n'UmuhiniIsekuru n'Umuhini
3

Distil from the water bath

Stand the retort in a water bath and distil slowly at about 82° into a dry flask.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Icupa ry'ikirahure ryo gutekeramoIcupa ry'ikirahure ryo gutekeramo
Icupa rifite igituza kizengurutseIcupa rifite igituza kizengurutse
Isafuriya y'inkuta ndendeIsafuriya y'inkuta ndende
Urubaho rushyushyaUrubaho rushyushya
Igipima UbushyuheIgipima Ubushyuhe
4

Again over fresh lime

Return the distillate to the retort with fresh, dry, powdered quicklime, leave it a week at room temperature, and distil again slowly at 81–82°, keeping air out of the receiver.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Ishwagara idazimyeIshwagara idazimye
Icupa ry'ikirahure ryo gutekeramoIcupa ry'ikirahure ryo gutekeramo
Icupa rifite igituza kizengurutseIcupa rifite igituza kizengurutse
Isafuriya y'inkuta ndendeIsafuriya y'inkuta ndende
Urubaho rushyushyaUrubaho rushyushya
Igipima UbushyuheIgipima Ubushyuhe
5

Test and keep

Check the specific gravity at 15.6°: absolute alcohol reads about 0.794. Bottle it at once and keep it tightly stoppered.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Igipima ubwuzuzanye bw'amaziIgipima ubwuzuzanye bw'amazi
Igipima UbushyuheIgipima Ubushyuhe
Amacupa y'ikirahuri afite ibipfundikizoAmacupa y'ikirahuri afite ibipfundikizo

Ibikoresho

1

Ibikoresho bikenewe

11

Iki gishushanyo gikora

Thumbnail
Agateganyo

Alukoro itunganye

Free

18
0
1

Blueprint zijyanye

Izi blueprint zisangira ubumenyi — uburyo, ibikoresho cyangwa amahame

Burning Lime from Limestone — The Oldest Chemical Industry on Earth

Burning Lime from Limestone — The Oldest Chemical Industry on Earth

na MaryFI

Gukora Ukuraho

161
0
0
0
4
0

CC0 Umurenge rusange

Iyi blueprint yasohowe munsi ya CC0. Ushobora gukoporora, guhindura, gukwirakwiza no gukoresha nta kwemererwa.

Shyigikira Umuremyi ugura ibicuruzwa binyuze muri Blueprint ye Komisiyo y'Umuremyi byashyizweho n'Abacuruzi, cyangwa kora verisiyo nshya y'iyi Blueprint ukayinjiza nk'isano muri Blueprint yawe kugira ngo musangire inyungu.

Ibiganiro

(0)

Injira kugira ngo ujye mu biganiro

Gutegura ibitekerezo...