Kubaka imashini ikamura imyelayo ikoresheje ikiyobora n’uburemere — Gukamura hakoreshejwe imashini

Mbere yo gukamura, imyelayo igomba kumenagurwa igahinduka uruvange (harimo n’imbuto) kugira ngo uturemangingo turimo amavuta dutoboke. Koresha urusyo rw’ibuye rw’imyelayo (trapetum) — ikibumbiro kinini cy’ibuye gifite uruziga rw’ibuye ruzunguruka rumenagura imyelayo uko ruzunguruka. Cyangwa menagura imyelayo mu isekuru ry’ibuye ukoresheje umuhini uremereye, cyangwa uyikandagire ku buso bw’ibuye busukuye. Uruvange rugomba kungana hose, nta myelayo yuzuye isigaye. Gushyiramo imbuto zamenaguwe ni ingenzi — ibice bikomeye by’imbuto bikora nk’imiyoboro ifasha amavuta gutemba anyura mu ruvange mu gihe cyo gukamura. Reka uruvange ruruhuke iminota 30-60 mbere yo gukamura kugira ngo amavuta atangire gutandukana.

Imashini y’ikiyobora igizwe n’igiti kiremereye gifashe ku musozo umwe kandi gishobora kuzunguruka ku wundi. Fatisha umusozo ubyibushye w’igiti mu mwanya wacukuwe mu rukuta rw’amabuye cyangwa hagati y’inkingi ebyiri z’amabuye zihagaze (orthostats) — aha ni ho igishingirizo. Igiti kigomba gufatwa gikomeye aha ku buryo gishobora kujya hejuru no hasi gusa nk’umunzani w’abana. Umusozo urekuye urambuka metero 3-5 ujya hanze. Munsi y’igiti, hafi y’aho gifashe, ubaka urubaho rw’ibuye ruringaniye rwo gukamuriraho rufite umuyoboro uruzengurutse wo gufata amavuta akamuwe ukayayobora mu kibumbiro cy’ibuye. Iki ni ikiyobora cyo mu cyiciro cya 2 — umutwaro (uruvange rw’imyelayo) uri hagati y’igishingirizo n’imbaraga (uburemere).

Sasa uruvange rw’imyelayo yamenaguwe ku bitebo by’urufunzo biringaniye by’uruziga (bitwa frails cyangwa fiscoli), wubake ikirundo cy’ibitebo 5-10 munsi y’igiti. Buri gitebo gifata kg 5-10 z’uruvange, rusasiwe rufite umubyimba wa cm 3-5. Imiterere yabyo iboshye ituma amavuta acengera anyura mu dutsinsi tw’urufunzo mu gihe ibisigazwa bikomeye bisigara. Shyira ibisate by’igiti cyangwa by’ibuye biringaniye hagati ya buri bitebo 2-3 kugira ngo igitutu gikwirakwire kimwe mu kirundo. Shyira ikirundo neza munsi y’igiti, hagati ku rubaho rwo gukamuriraho. Umuyoboro uzengurutse urubaho ufata amavuta yose akamuwe ukayatemba mu kibumbiro cy’ibuye.

Manika amabuye aremereye ku musozo urekuye w’igiti ukoresheje imigozi. Ingaruka y’ikiyobora ikuba imbaraga z’uburemere — igiti cya metero 3 gifite uburemere ku musozo gitanga hafi inshuro 3 z’imbaraga z’uburemere aho bakamurira. Ongeramo uburemere buhoro buhoro kugira ngo igitutu kizamuke buhoro. Igitutu gitunguranye gituma uruvange rusohoka mu bitebo aho kurekura amavuta. Amavuta atangira gutemba mu minota mike nyuma yo gushyiraho igitutu bwa mbere. Komeza wongeremo uburemere mu masaha menshi. Gukamura kwa mbere (gukamura gukonje) gutanga amavuta meza kurusha ayandi — icyatsi cyerurutse, ahumura kandi afite aside nke. Nyuma yo gukamura kwa mbere, ibisigazwa bishobora kongera kuvangwa n’amazi ashyushye bigakamurwa ubwa kabiri bigatanga amavuta adakomeye.

Amazi yafashwe mu kibumbiro ni uruvange rw’amavuta y’imyelayo n’amazi (amazi y’imbuto). Kubera ko amavuta afite ubucucike buke kurusha amazi (ubucucike bw’amavuta y’imyelayo ni g/cm3 0.91 hafi), areremba kamere hejuru. Reka uruvange rutuze mu gikoresho kinini cy’ibuye cyangwa cy’ibumba amasaha menshi. Kura urwego rw’amavuta hejuru ukoresheje ikiyiko kinini kiringaniye cyangwa igikonoshwa, cyangwa uyasuke ukoresheje urugozi rukurura. Imura amavuta unyuza mu bikoresho byo gutuza bigenda biba bito kugira ngo ukureho amazi n’ibisigazwa bisigaye — ibyiciro bitatu byo gutuza byari bisanzwe mu gukora amavuta kera. Amavuta y’imyelayo yatuye neza abikwa kugeza ku myaka ibiri mu nkono z’ibumba zifunze (amphorae) zibitse ahantu hakonje kandi hijimye. Ubukungu bwa Mediterane ya kera bwashingiraga ku mavuta y’imyelayo — yakoreshwaga mu guteka, kumurika, koga, imihango y’idini, ubuvuzi, no nk’ishingiro ry’imibavu n’ibisigwa byo kwisiga.