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Bromide Paper: Gelatino-Bromide Emulsion Coated on Paper
Charlie

Yaremwe na

Charlie

18. Ukwakira 2026DE
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Bromide Paper: Gelatino-Bromide Emulsion Coated on Paper

Bromide paper is paper coated with silver bromide in gelatin, the printing and enlarging paper of the darkroom. Thorpe (1913) gives a beginner's emulsion: gelatin swelled in potassium bromide solution, silver nitrate made clear with strong ammonia, the two joined under ruby light, ripened, set, washed, and spread on paper as on a glass plate. From the moment the silver goes in, work only by ruby light. Grain and ounce figures are Thorpe's; the gram conversions and the 10-sheet batch are ours. The picture: our own drawing.
Hejuru
4 days

Amabwiriza

1

Swell the gelatin

Dissolve 185 grains (12.0 g) of potassium bromide in 5 oz (142 ml) of water. Cover 300 grains (19.4 g) of hard gelatin with it and stir until it softens and swells.

Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:

Bromure ya potasiyumuBromure ya potasiyumu12 g
Ifu ya jelatineIfu ya jelatine19.4 g

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

AmaziAmazi
Igikombe cy'IkirahureIgikombe cy'Ikirahure
Akati k'Ikirahure ko KuvangaAkati k'Ikirahure ko Kuvanga
Umunzani w'ibiroUmunzani w'ibiro
2

Dissolve the silver

Dissolve 231 grains (15.0 g) of silver nitrate in 5 oz (142 ml) of water with gentle heat in the water bath. Add strong ammonia (0.880) a little at a time, stirring, until the precipitate that first forms dissolves again.

Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:

Nitrate ya fezaNitrate ya feza15 g

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

AmaziAmazi
Igisubizo gikomeye cya amoniyaki (0.880)Igisubizo gikomeye cya amoniyaki (0.880)
Igikombe cy'IkirahureIgikombe cy'Ikirahure
Akati k'Ikirahure ko KuvangaAkati k'Ikirahure ko Kuvanga
Isafuriya nini (iyo hasi, y'amazi ashyushye)Isafuriya nini (iyo hasi, y'amazi ashyushye)
3

Melt the gelatin, never above 35 °C

Stand both vessels in the pan of water, never above 35 °C, stirring, until the gelatin is perfectly liquid. Up to here ordinary light is fine.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Isafuriya nini (iyo hasi, y'amazi ashyushye)Isafuriya nini (iyo hasi, y'amazi ashyushye)
Igipima UbushyuheIgipima Ubushyuhe
Akati k'Ikirahure ko KuvangaAkati k'Ikirahure ko Kuvanga
4

Add the silver under ruby light

From now on, ruby light only. Pour the silver solution into the gelatin in a thin stream, stirring all the time. Rinse the silver beaker with about 1 oz (28 ml) of warm water into the emulsion.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Itara ry'umutekano ry'ikibatuItara ry'umutekano ry'ikibatu
Igikombe cy'IkirahureIgikombe cy'Ikirahure
Akati k'Ikirahure ko KuvangaAkati k'Ikirahure ko Kuvanga
AmaziAmazi
5

Ripen

Leave the emulsion in the hot water for half to three-quarters of an hour.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Isafuriya nini (iyo hasi, y'amazi ashyushye)Isafuriya nini (iyo hasi, y'amazi ashyushye)
Itara ry'umutekano ry'ikibatuItara ry'umutekano ry'ikibatu
6

Set in the dark

Pour it into a flat dish, put it in a light-tight box and let it set for at least 24 hours; two or three days is better.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Ibikoresho bya seramike bigufiIbikoresho bya seramike bigufi
Agasanduku kadapfa kwinjiza urumuriAgasanduku kadapfa kwinjiza urumuri
7

Wash through canvas

Scrape the set jelly onto wet coarse canvas and tie it into a bag. Knead it under water so it squeezes through in threads. Pour off the water, cover with fresh, wait 5 minutes and pour off: six to eight times.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Ikiyiko kiringaniyeIkiyiko kiringaniye
Umwenda wa kanvasiUmwenda wa kanvasi
UmugoziUmugozi
AmaziAmazi
Itara ry'umutekano ry'ikibatuItara ry'umutekano ry'ikibatu
8

Drain and store

Turn the threads onto a strainer covered with a cloth and let the water drain. Rinse with methylated spirit and keep in a lidded jar until coating.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

AkayunguruzoAkayunguruzo
Umwenda wa musuliniUmwenda wa musulini
Kileo cyangijweKileo cyangijwe
Icupa ry'Ikirahure Rifite UmufunikoIcupa ry'Ikirahure Rifite Umufuniko
Itara ry'umutekano ry'ikibatuItara ry'umutekano ry'ikibatu
9

Coat the paper

Melt the emulsion in the warm water bath. Lay a sheet of paper flat on a levelled glass slab. Pour emulsion on the middle to cover nearly half the sheet, and spread it to each end with a glass rod 2 inches wider than the sheet, held just off the surface.

Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:

ImpapuroImpapuro10 impapuro

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Isafuriya nini (iyo hasi, y'amazi ashyushye)Isafuriya nini (iyo hasi, y'amazi ashyushye)
Ikibaho cy'ikirahureIkibaho cy'ikirahure
Igipimo cy'urwegoIgipimo cy'urwego
Akati k'Ikirahure ko KuvangaAkati k'Ikirahure ko Kuvanga
Itara ry'umutekano ry'ikibatuItara ry'umutekano ry'ikibatu
10

Dry

When the coat has set, move the sheets to a rack in a drying box with a current of air. They dry in 12 to 48 hours. Keep them in the light-tight box.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Igitanda cyo kumishirizaIgitanda cyo kumishiriza
Agasanduku kadapfa kwinjiza urumuriAgasanduku kadapfa kwinjiza urumuri

Ibikoresho

4

Ibikoresho bikenewe

20

Iki gishushanyo gikora

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