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Caesium: Caesium Chloride Reduced by Calcium in a Y-Tube under Vacuum (Thorpe 1912)
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2. Ugushyingo 2026DE
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Caesium: Caesium Chloride Reduced by Calcium in a Y-Tube under Vacuum (Thorpe 1912)

Calcium takes the chlorine from caesium chloride at about 400 °C under vacuum. The caesium boils off and condenses in the upright limb of a Y-shaped glass tube. Result: silvery-white, soft caesium, sp. gr. 1.88, melting at 26-27 °C. It oxidises quickly in air and sets fire to the hydrogen it frees from water. Source: Thorpe, Dictionary of Applied Chemistry vol. 1 (1912), p. 597. Not given: how the tube is heated, how the metal is kept. Picture drawn by Youblob.
Hejuru
1 day

Amabwiriza

1

Charge the Y-tube

Weigh 3 g of calcium in small pieces and 12 g of caesium chloride and put them in a wide Y-tube held upside down, with the charge in one of the lower limbs.

Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:

Seziyumu kolorireSeziyumu kolorire12 g

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

KalisiyumuKalisiyumu
Iminzani ya Digitale NyayoIminzani ya Digitale Nyayo
Umuheha wa YUmuheha wa Y
2

Pump out

Connect the upright limb to a Sprengel (mercury) vacuum pump and exhaust the tube.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Pompe ikuramo umwukaPompe ikuramo umwuka
Umuheha wa YUmuheha wa Y
3

Heat to about 400 °C

Heat the charged limb. Reduction sets in at about 400 °C and the caesium boils off and condenses in the upright tube. Ours: a burner flame under the charged limb; goggles.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Itara rya BunsenItara rya Bunsen
Amadarubindi Yifunze yo KwirindaAmadarubindi Yifunze yo Kwirinda
4

Keep the metal from air

Ours: let the tube cool and seal the caesium off in its limb. It melts at 26-27 °C and takes fire in air and in water.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Umuheha wa YUmuheha wa Y
Itara rya BunsenItara rya Bunsen

Ibikoresho

1

Ibikoresho bikenewe

6

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