Kuva Vicuña kugeza Umuyatsi — Umuyatsi w'Imigabo ya Inca

Vicuña ikunzwe n'CITES (Amasezerano ku Misasire y'Inyongeramiryango Ishakirana Inyigisho Zicitse). Umuyatsi uri wunguka gusa mu itsinda ry'abaturage ba Andine bahakurikiranye barakorera chaccu — kwiheba imiryango y'inzira y'ibinini bihishe hanyuma ikababyebarekeza. Kugenzura buri gihe inyandiko y'intandaro z'aho itumiwe.

Umuyatsi wa vicuña ufite 12-13 mikwoni y'ubugari — wamudusome kurusha cashmere (15-19μ), mohair (25-45μ) cyangwa inyamvu ya merino (15-23μ). Buri kinini gitanga gusa 200-300 g buri imyaka ibiri. Umuyatsi ufite ibara ry'icinnamon y'igorofa mu muli n'ubwela mu nzira. Korera buri gramu hamwe n'icyifuzo.

Nkuko lhama, vicuña ifite icyo mpfu ntambara umbi irimo na penugem iheza cyane. Sobanura neza ukuri. Itandukaniro ry'ubugari birambira — uhise inyota nziza n'intege.

Suza umuyatsi mu mazi ashakiro 25-30°C — ariko akira kurusha alpaca cyangwa lhama. Umuyatsi ushaka cyane kugira ngo agacinzira cyangwa ubushyuhe bunini bukakora inzira itagakoreka. Shyira mu mazi 15 iminota. Ntakugejezeho.

Hifadhia umuyatsi mu mazi makambye y'ubwenge bumwe. Nta mwicanire ubushyuhe vuba — ubushyuhe bwaharaka bwakomeza umuyatsi byihutse. Gukura rimwe cyangwa kabiri gushaka.

Urura umuyatsi mu mazi hamwe n'ibakumakuboko birahakana, nkigice. Shyira kuri urusazi rwake mu ijamba. Ntakugatsiza, ntakwishyuha cyangwa gucikanya. Yemerera konya neza — ingahura iminsi 24.

Hamwe n'impande z'amakuru, gufungura neza buri mecha y'umuyatsi w'inzira. Umuyatsi wa vicuña ushaka cyane kugira ngo ihange — kazi mu mahoro atafite ubwiko.

Koresha karita z'imoko zifite amazina makuru akabika. Kwimana ikinini cy'umuyatsi — igice cya kabiri cy'uko wakoresha alpaca. Korera karita ya kabiri hamwe n'ibikorwa byohahagaze, 3-4 gusa. Gukarita binini bikaribabaje umuyatsi.

Sukira umuyatsi w'icyarita mu rolags nke n'ahumeka. Buri rolag igomba kugira umuyatsi muke — vicuña ibikorera mu filo iheza cyane, kandi rolags binini byari byavuyeho.

Koresha fuso ry'inyenzi nyinshi lihera — neza kurusha 20 gramu. Fuso rinini rirunda umuyatsi iheza. Fuzo z'inzira z'Andine hamwe na vicuña nke kandi nke, inzira finye za mfongo cyangwa ihete.

Vicuña ni umuyatsi iheza mu isi — iteza gusa 3-5 cm ikinini kimwe. Ubwishingiro bwinshi kurusha alpaca cyangwa sheep. Ubwishingiro bwinshi ni inzira y'kubaha imbaraga ya filo iheza. Filo ye mugihe kizagira nkumusoro w'inyenzi.

Igisigiro ry'ubukode bw'imyatsi ya vicuña ni kubika ubushyuhe budashaka hagati y'ibakumakuboko n'ufuso. Itandukaniro n'ubwoko gikakora ibice bikunze mu filo. Ibi bisaba amahoro — ubukode bwa vicuña byifuzwa nk'igice cyinshi cy'ubukode bwa moko.

Komeza gukode rolags zose. Menya: buri gramu y'umuyatsi yerekeza ibintu bisisire kandi byatunganye. Miniga ibivanwa. Abakode b'inzira b'Andine ntibakunda ibintu.

Sunika filo ibiri ry'ubwike hamwe mu nzira nta bantu batindi. Filo y'icyarita ya vicuña izaba nke ariko imbaraga nziza. Icyarita kabiri kandi gicyosimbuza, gikakora ubwela, ikakarangiza ubwela bwiharura.

Suza filo y'icyarita mu mazi ashakiro (25°C) iminuta 15. Urura neza, gatsiza hagati ya paume y'ibakumakuboko birahakana hanyuma uhage hamwe n'ubugari bwake gukona.

Sukira filo y'inkuru mu meada nke. Inyuma yose ya vicuña (200-300 g) itanga nze 150-200 g y'ufilo ushikikanye — birahaya kwa kasuri nke.

Filo ya vicuña yakukode n'imoko ni umwe mu myatsi iheza cyane mu isi. Nimurire kurusha cashmere, nake kurusha ubwela, kandi yerekeza inzira y'ubwenge y'imyaka 5.000 y'inzira y'Andine.

Vicuña hafi irahungira mu kinyejana cya 20 — kuva 2 miliyoni mu gihe cya Inca kugeza 6.000 mu 1974. Habuze n'CITES n'gusubira mu chaccu ry'inzira, abaturage bagarukeye hafi 350.000. Filo imwe ya vicuña ari ayo, ayacu ry'ihunga hafi na kusubiramo.