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Fructose: Invert Sugar Separated with Lime as Calcium Laevulosate
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19. Ukwakira 2026DE
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Fructose: Invert Sugar Separated with Lime as Calcium Laevulosate

Fructose (laevulose) is the fruit sugar; ordinary sugar is fructose and glucose joined. Thorpe's Dictionary (1912) separates them: invert the sugar with acid, then stir lime into the ice-cold solution. The fructose comes down as calcium laevulosate, which hardly dissolves in ice water, while the glucose stays in solution. Carbon dioxide then frees the fructose. It melts at 95 °C and is sweeter than ordinary sugar. The picture: our diagram.
Hagati
1–2 days

Amabwiriza

1

Invert the sugar

Warm a sugar solution with a little mineral acid to split it into glucose and fructose (invert sugar). Ours: dilute sulphuric acid, as required.

Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:

Isukari y'umweruIsukari y'umweru1 igice

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Aside ya sulifuriki yorohejeAside ya sulifuriki yoroheje
Amazi YatunganyijweAmazi Yatunganyijwe
Isafuriya nini y'icyuma kitagira ingeseIsafuriya nini y'icyuma kitagira ingese
Urubaho rushyushyaUrubaho rushyushya
Amadarubindi yo Kwirinda IbinyabutabireAmadarubindi yo Kwirinda Ibinyabutabire
Uturindantoki tw'ikawusuUturindantoki tw'ikawusu
2

Remove the acid with baryta

Neutralise the acid with baryta (ours: barium oxide) and filter off the barium sulphate. Make the invert sugar up to a 10 % solution.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Okiside ya bariyumuOkiside ya bariyumu
Urupapuro rwerekana pHUrupapuro rwerekana pH
Akayunguruzo k'Ikirahure Gafite UmugoziAkayunguruzo k'Ikirahure Gafite Umugozi
Urupapuro rwo KuyungururaUrupapuro rwo Kuyungurura
Umunzani w'ibiroUmunzani w'ibiro
3

Lime it ice-cold

Ice-cold, add 6 g finely powdered slaked lime to every 100 cc and stir, with the vessel standing in ice water, until the milky liquid turns creamy. The fructose comes down as calcium laevulosate; the glucose stays dissolved.

Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:

Ishwagara yazimyeIshwagara yazimye6 g per 100 ml

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Igikombe cy'Ikirahure Kirwanya UbushyuheIgikombe cy'Ikirahure Kirwanya Ubushyuhe
Urubura rwamenweUrubura rwamenwe
Igipima Ubushyuhe cy'UbushakashatsiIgipima Ubushyuhe cy'Ubushakashatsi
4

Filter and press

Filter through linen and press hard to get rid of most of the liquid.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Umwenda wa linoUmwenda wa lino
Imashini ya sikuru ikanda igitambaroImashini ya sikuru ikanda igitambaro
5

Free the fructose with carbon dioxide

Suspend the pressed mass in water and pass in carbon dioxide. Filter, then evaporate the solution under vacuum over sulphuric acid: anhydrous fructose remains.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Gaze ya dioxyde de carboneGaze ya dioxyde de carbone
Amazi YatunganyijweAmazi Yatunganyijwe
Akayunguruzo k'Ikirahure Gafite UmugoziAkayunguruzo k'Ikirahure Gafite Umugozi
Urupapuro rwo KuyungururaUrupapuro rwo Kuyungurura
Pompe ikuramo umwukaPompe ikuramo umwuka
Asidi ya sulifurike ikomeyeAsidi ya sulifurike ikomeye

Ibikoresho

2

Ibikoresho bikenewe

19

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