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Mild Steel Plate and Sheet Hammered from a Billet
Forge

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Forge

11. Ukwakira 2026NO
36
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Mild Steel Plate and Sheet Hammered from a Billet

Before sheet mills, iron plate was hammered out hot, and thin sheet was hammered thinner still. A billet from a mild steel ingot is spread wide with the cross peen and smoothed with the flatter: thick results are plate, thin ones sheet. By hand, sheet much thinner than about 1.5 mm is very hard to keep even; measure what you get. Work at yellow heat and return to the fire at red, as for bar stock.
Hejuru
A day

Amabwiriza

1

Billets and heats

Cutting billets and working at the right heat.
2

Spread across

Heat a billet to yellow and strike across it with the cross peen, in rows, to widen it; then along it to lengthen. Turn it over each heat.

Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:

Igice cy'icyuma gikomeyeIgice cy'icyuma gikomeye3 kg
AmakaraAmakara10 kg

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Uruganda rw'umucuziUruganda rw'umucuzi
Inyundo ifite umutwe utambitseInyundo ifite umutwe utambitse
Amafashi y'umucuziAmafashi y'umucuzi
IngoyiIngoyi
Ikanzu y'uruhuIkanzu y'uruhu
Uturindantoki two gukomeza ibyumaUturindantoki two gukomeza ibyuma
Amadarubindi y'umutekanoAmadarubindi y'umutekano
Ibipfukamatwi birindaIbipfukamatwi birinda
3

Flatten

Lay the flatter on it and strike with the sledgehammer to take out the peen marks.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Igikoresho cy'umucuzi cyo kuringanizaIgikoresho cy'umucuzi cyo kuringaniza
Inyundo niniInyundo nini
4

Plate or sheet

Stop at the thickness you need for plate. For sheet, keep thinning with lighter blows; thin steel loses heat fast, so take short heats.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Inyundo y'umucuziInyundo y'umucuzi
Ikigereranyo cya Digitale cy'Amasentimetero 6Ikigereranyo cya Digitale cy'Amasentimetero 6
5

Level and trim

At a low red heat, level it against the anvil face, check with the straightedge, and let it cool in air. Cut the ragged edges off on the hardy and file them.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Inyundo y'umucuziInyundo y'umucuzi
Agapimo kagororotseAgapimo kagororotse
Icyuma gikata ku ngoyiIcyuma gikata ku ngoyi
Amakariso MenshiAmakariso Menshi
6

Clean and measure

Wire-brush the scale off and measure the thickness at several points.

Ibikoresho bikenewe:

Ibikoresho by'uburoso bw'insingaIbikoresho by'uburoso bw'insinga
Ikigereranyo cya Digitale cy'Amasentimetero 6Ikigereranyo cya Digitale cy'Amasentimetero 6
7

Troubleshooting

Plate forging troubleshooting.

Flow

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Ibikoresho

2

Ibikoresho bikenewe

16

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