UBUHANZI
UBWIZA N'UBUZIMA
UBUKORIKORI
UMUCO N'AMATEKA
IMYIDAGADURO
IBIDUKIKIJE
IBIRIBWA N'IBINYOBWA
UBWUBATSI BUSUBIRA INYUMA
UBUMENYI
SIPORO
IKORANABUHANGA
IBYAMBARWA
Isopropyl Alcohol from Propene and Water
Isopropyl alcohol is made mainly by adding water to propene (propylene). In direct hydration, more common in Europe, propene of over 90 % purity and water react at high pressure over a solid acid catalyst. (The indirect route, common in the USA, goes through sulphate esters made with sulphuric acid, and a third route hydrogenates acetone.) The alcohol is then separated by distillation, but isopropyl alcohol and water form an azeotrope: plain distillation stops at 87.9 % alcohol and 12.1 % water. Dry alcohol is made by azeotropic distillation with an entrainer such as cyclohexane.
Hejuru
Continuous (industrial)
Amabwiriza
1
1
Hydrate
Hydrate
Feed propene (over 90 % pure) and water into the reactor at high pressure over the solid acid catalyst.
Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:
Propilene1 as required
Amazi1 as requiredIbikoresho bikenewe:
Igikoresho cya hydratation gikoresha igitutu kinini
Igitera-vuba cya aside gikomeye2
2
Distil
Distil
Distil the product to separate the alcohol from water and by-products; it comes over as the azeotrope, 87.9 % isopropyl alcohol.
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
Iteraniro ry'inkingi yo gupika3
3
Dry
Dry
Distil again with cyclohexane as the entrainer to carry the remaining water off and leave dry isopropyl alcohol.
Ibikoresho bikenewe:
Iteraniro ry'inkingi yo gupika
CyclohexaneIbikoresho bikenewe
4- Umwanya
Iki gishushanyo gikora
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