UBUHANZI
UBWIZA N'UBUZIMA
UBUKORIKORI
UMUCO N'AMATEKA
IMYIDAGADURO
IBIDUKIKIJE
IBIRIBWA N'IBINYOBWA
UBWUBATSI BUSUBIRA INYUMA
UBUMENYI
SIPORO
IKORANABUHANGA
IBYAMBARWA
Porcelain Labware: Evaporating Dishes, Crucibles, Funnels and Streak Plates
Hard porcelain stands strong heat and most chemicals, so the laboratory's dishes, crucibles and filter funnels are made of it; left unglazed, its white biscuit is the streak plate for testing minerals. Form the pieces, give them a light first firing, dip them in ground-felspar glaze, and fire them hard in saggers, as Andrew Ure (1839) describes for Sèvres.
The picture: porcelain evaporating dishes in three sizes, glazed, with pouring lips.
Hejuru
Weeks with drying and two firings
Amabwiriza
1
1
Form the pieces
Form the pieces
Throw shallow round dishes with a lip and small lidded crucibles on the wheel. For a Büchner funnel throw a cylinder with a flat floor, pierce the floor with many small holes and add a stem. Roll a slab and cut it into small tiles for streak plates.
Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:
Ibumba rya porukorene5 kgIbikoresho bikenewe:
Uruziga rw'umubumbyi
Igiti cyo gusingiya umutsima
Umutwe w'ibikoresho by'ibumba
Umurongo w'ipima2
2
Dry very slowly
Dry very slowly
Ure: dry them very slowly; a little hurry spoils them.
3
3
Light first firing
Light first firing
Fire them gently so they keep their shape but become strong enough to handle and be dipped in water.
Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:
Inkwi1 as requiredIbikoresho bikenewe:
Itanura
Uturindantoki twihanganira ubushyuhe4
4
Felspar glaze
Felspar glaze
Grind felspar very fine, stir it with water and a little vinegar to a thin pap. Dip each dish, crucible and funnel for an instant; the porous body draws the glaze on. Wipe the glaze off the feet. Leave the streak-plate tiles unglazed.
Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:
Igice cya feldispati0.5 kg
Amazi2 litiro
Inkarabyo0.05 litiroIbikoresho bikenewe:
Isekuru ryo gusya
Akayunguruzo Gafite Urukoma Ruto
Igikonjo
Agapfukamunwa k'Umukungugu5
5
Set in saggers
Set in saggers
Set every piece in its own sagger on a flat, sand-dusted base so it cannot stick or sag out of shape; small pieces may share a base if they do not touch.
Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:
Umusenyi Muto1 kgIbikoresho bikenewe:
Agasanduku k'ibumba ryihanganira umuriro6
6
The hard firing
The hard firing
Raise the fire slowly for about 15 hours to a cherry red, then fire hard until the kiln glows white inside, drawing trial pieces to judge when the glaze is smooth. Cool slowly over days.
Ibikoresho by'iyi ntambwe:
Inkwi1 as requiredIbikoresho bikenewe:
ItanuraUturindantoki twihanganira ubushyuhe7
7
Ure's firing, hour by hour
Ure's firing, hour by hour
Gupakira ikaye ya Jupyter…
8
8
Limits
Limits
The firings, glaze and saggers are Ure's account of Sèvres; the forms of the four wares are ours. A full porcelain firing needs a kiln that reaches white heat.
Ibikoresho
6- Umwanya
- 1 as requiredUmwanya
- 0.5 kgUmwanya
- 2 litiroUmwanya
- 0.05 litiroUmwanya
- 1 kgUmwanya
Ibikoresho bikenewe
11- Umwanya
- Umwanya
- Umwanya
- Umwanya
- Umwanya
- Umwanya
- Umwanya
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