Guhagurwa rya Ubwoya bw'Impongano n'Imikorere — Inganda y'Ubwoya bw'Impongano muri Bhutan

For yak wool combing, a wide-toothed comb is needed. The comb teeth should have rounded tips — sharp teeth will damage the yak's skin. If the comb tooth spacing is 3-5 millimeters, fine wool can be combed well. Additionally, a collection bag (collection bag) is needed. Collection bags of different colors (white, black, brown, gray) are each required.

Shear hamwe n'ubwoko bw'amavuta y'ikinini (hamwe n'ubwoko) — niba ugenda ukinyuranye n'ubwoko, ikinini kizakira intambwe. Shyira agakonde gakongoye hafi y'uruhu rw'ikinini no kuwika inyuma. Shyira icyondi kigushya hejuru y'amavuta yashearwe. Amavuta makuru agashira ari agakonde azakuramo mu ikinini. Tangira ku ruvande rumwe (ruvande) rw'ikinini — iruvande ruru rifite amavuta menshi. Komeza mu mahoro umwe 3-5 igihe mugihe woba mushearira kugera amavuta yose.

Mugihe cy'ukwezi kwa ndwi cyangwa amezi ya spring, ibisinyuzi byatsinzwe mu buryo bwubwisanzwe bigaragara ku mubiri w'inyana bikoreranya. Hari ibisinyuzi byinshi byatsinzwe mu buryo bwubwisanzwe mu mahoro APE inyana (resting area) n'ahwo inyana isiyukira (rubbing posts). Iyo ibyo bikoreranyweho, ubwisinyuzi bushije bukunyweho cyose. Ibisinyuzi binyigira ku miti n'ibiriti nabyo bikoreranya. Abakora inyana (herders) bakorera mu mahoro n'ubwiyunge bikoreranya ibisinyuzi byatsinzwe mu buryo bwubwisanzwe ukurikije amahitamo ashimishije.

Mu mavira yoherejwe, hariho karamu karamu (guard hair) n'uburenganzira bw'amavuta (down). Inzira y'ukwinjira mu kamoko: karamu karamu (diameter 20+ microns) ni igikorongero, gifite inyota, kandi kirekire (5-25 centimeters). Uburenganzira bw'amavuta (16-20 microns) ni buryoshye, bufunze, kandi bufupi (3-5 centimeters). Kwakazanya karamu karamu mu kamoko hanyuma ugusiga uburenganzira bw'amavuta. Ibi bisaba igihe, ariko bitegura neza imvura y'uburenganzira bw'amavuta.

Ubwoya bwa yak buza mu mabara: amahogwe, umukara, umweru, n'inyenzi. Umweru ni inzira kandi utanga agaciro kanini — nkuko ari ngezabwoya, ibara rimwe n'rimwe ritandukanya. Ubwoya bwahamazimu bumwe na bumwe bwumubare utari uhambere. Ubwoya bwahabwa ni ingana yimwe cyangwa igishatu cy'ibara rimwe cy'iyak. Kuko yak itandukanye nk'umukara ni inzira, ubwoya umukara nubwo ubwoya bufinyu.

Soza ubwanzi bworoshye mu mazi abaridi (15-25°C) cyangwa mu mazi ashakiro. Ntabwo wifuza gukoreshera mazi yeranda — mazi yeranda agashira ubwanzi bworoshye gukora ifeza (ifeza). Gukoreshera savuni nta rugomo (savuni nta rugomo, pH 7-8). Eka ubwanzi mu mazi mugihe cya 20-30 minutes. Soza wibice neza — ntiwe gukondo neza. Suka 2-3 inzira hamwe na mazi mashakiro n'amabara kugeza ubwanzi bwacu bose. Suka ubwanzi bwese bw'amafuta (lanolin, lanolin).

Nyuma yo kwoza wool, komeza amazi yuzuye (nta kubyimvura — kubyimvura bivuza ko bizakicika) amazi yuzuye. Ibikire ku nto nzira kandi komeza mu ijamba. Utabike mu mahoro y'izuba — elasticity y'wool izakuramo. Komeza mu miniute 1-2. Wool yose komezwe igomba kuba nzira, yuzuye, kandi koma. Niba wool yuzuye itisigaye, fungi izavuka.

Hariho amavutsira y'abakurambere akagaruka mu nda ya fur ihumeka. Kubura amavutsira y'abakurambere hariya mu rukami — kazika fur mu cyumba cyerekeye inka aho amavutsira y'abakurambere agaragara neza. Kubera ko amavutsira y'abakurambere ari itama, bikunzira, kandi birenza amavuta meza, arashobora gutunda mu rukami. Mu bikorwa by'ubucuruzi, gukoresha ibikoresho by'ingurutse bishobora kubona 95% y'amavuta meza. Akazi ka bantu n'amakinini nabona 80-90%.

Ubwoya bwiza bwakomotse mu mahembe akanyuguye birasukirwa. Kuva ku mahembe umwe, igihe cyo kuva 100-500 grama y'ubwoya bwiza bifitanye (birategekezwa n'ubwoko, imyaka, n'ubw状態 bw'inyamaishini). Ubwoya bwitoranijwe mu mahanga aratunganywa mu mahanga atandukanye. Ku buri mahanga, uburemere, ibara, n'itariki biandikwa. Ubwoya bw'inka ya Bhutan n'ubwacu buragurishwa ku isoko ry'amahanga ku dola 80-150 buri giligiramu. Ubwoya gukubita ifunguro ririmo agaciro karimo.

Imyenda y'intamburo yiza, ikinini. Igikoresho mu mahoro, ahagira umuyaga. Ubushyuhe 15-20°C. Neza niba humidité ari 50-60%. Koresha amabatiri y'icyondi cyabirira gukwirakwiza — niba amabatiri y'ikinini akoreshwa, amazi yiba ari mu nzu yashira agashira impunzi. Ntakiko kwambuza imyenda — imyenda yambuwe ishira impisha. Shyira umubumbe w'icyari mu mabatiri kugira ngo icobe intsinsi (intsinsi). Niba igikoresho neza, imyenda y'intamburo ikomeza gukomeza ubwenge bwayo mu myaka myinshi.