Heavy Gas Oil: the 620-1,050 °F Cut from Atmospheric and Vacuum Distillation of Crude Oil (Gulf, US 3,071,535)

A modern refinery splits crude oil in two towers: the first, at atmospheric pressure, takes off everything up to the furnace oil; the second, a vacuum tower, fractionates what is left to give gas oil for the catalytic cracker and a reduced crude for coking. Result (Gulf's example): from 100,000 barrels a day of Kuwait crude, 36,950 of heavy gas oil boiling from 620 to 1,050 °F. Source: Condrasky & Glazier, US 3,071,535 (Gulf, filed 1959), Table I. Not given: tower pressures, temperatures and vacuum. Hot oil: fire risk. Picture drawn by Youblob.

خبير

1 day

التعليمات

Charge the crude oil

Feed crude oil to the atmospheric fractionating column. Gulf's example: 100,000 barrels per calendar day of Kuwait crude of 31.5° API gravity.

المواد لهذه الخطوة:

النفط الخام100000 parts by volume

الأدوات المطلوبة:

خزان نفط

مضخة نقل

عمود التقطير الجوي

Top the crude at atmospheric pressure

Take off the light cuts in the atmospheric column. Gulf's yields per 100,000: fuel gas 115 (as fuel-oil equivalent), C4 fraction 2,241, gasoline C5-190 °F 7,549 (the light straight-run gasoline, kept for isomerisation), naphtha 190-375 °F 15,700, furnace oil 375-620 °F 20,900.

الأدوات المطلوبة:

عمود التقطير الجوي

Fractionate the topped crude under vacuum

Send the topped crude to the vacuum tower. Gulf does not give the vacuum or the temperatures.

الأدوات المطلوبة:

عمود التقطير بالتفريغ

مضخة تفريغ

Draw the 620-1,050 °F heavy gas oil

Draw off the heavy gas oil boiling from 620 to 1,050 °F: 36,950 per 100,000 of crude. The vacuum bottoms above 1,050 °F, 17,000, are the vacuum residue that goes to coking.

الأدوات المطلوبة:

عمود التقطير بالتفريغ

خزان نفط