Reformate: Straight-Run Naphtha over Platinum-Alumina-Fluorine Catalyst at 874 °F and 500 psi (Haensel, UOP, US 2,479,110)

Straight-run naphtha knocks badly in an engine. Passed hot and under pressure over Haensel's platinum catalyst, its molecules are reshaped into aromatics and smaller ones, and the octane number nearly doubles. Result (Ex. I): a Pennsylvania naphtha of octane 41.8 gave 82.5 % by volume of reformate of octane 78.8 (A.S.T.M. motor method). Variable: reforming temperature. At 824 °F: 95.9 % by weight, octane 65.7, too cool. At 874 °F: 83.2 %, octane 78.8; more of the charge goes to gas. Source: Haensel, US 2,479,110 (1949), Ex. I-II. Not given: reactor size, how the products are fractionated. Hot hydrogen and oil vapour under pressure: fire risk. Picture drawn by Youblob.

خبير

1 day

التعليمات

Pack the catalyst in a fixed bed

Put the platinum reforming catalyst in the reaction zone as a fixed bed. The oil is passed through it, upward or downward.

الأدوات المطلوبة:

حفاز إعادة التشكيل بالبلاتين

مفاعل أنبوبي بطبقة ثابتة

Feed a straight-run naphtha

Use a straight-run naphtha. Haensel's: a Pennsylvania naphtha boiling from 226 to 350 °F, with an A.S.T.M. motor octane number of 41.8.

المواد لهذه الخطوة:

النفتا1 as required

الأدوات المطلوبة:

خزان نفط

Start with hydrogen

The reaction can make enough hydrogen for itself, but the patent prefers to bring hydrogen in from outside at the start and then recycle it, so the reaction zone always holds enough.

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الهيدروجين

أسطوانة غاز مضغوط

Reform at 874 °F, 500 psi

Pass the naphtha over the catalyst at about 874 °F and 500 pounds per square inch, at a weight hourly space velocity of about 2: twice the catalyst's weight in oil each hour.

الأدوات المطلوبة:

مفاعل أنبوبي بطبقة ثابتة

حفاز إعادة التشكيل بالبلاتين

مقياس ضغط

Fractionate off the hydrogen, collect the reformate

Fractionate the products to separate the hydrogen, which goes back into the process, and recover the reformate: 82.5 % by volume of the charge, octane 78.8. Ours: a fractionating still.

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