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Spring-Return Rocking Churn: Springs Under Each End Lift the Low One Back

Daniel F. Hitt, Galena, Illinois · Public domain (expired patent)

أنشأه

Karen

6. أكتوبر 2026

Spring-Return Rocking Churn: Springs Under Each End Lift the Low One Back

In a rocking churn the cream runs from end to end, and its weight makes each return stroke hard work. Daniel F. Hitt of Galena, Illinois, received US 2,800, dated 7 October 1842, for a churn whose body rocks on gudgeons at its middle, with a spring under each end connected to the body by a strap, cord or chain. As the cream "runs from end to end of the containing vessel, it acquires a momentum"; "by means of the reaction of the springs, the momentum thus acquired is rendered available in obtaining the return motion." A perforated diaphragm across the middle lets the cream through on its way. This rung estimates the spring force, then prints the diaphragm and gudgeon bosses, bows two spring-steel strips under a rocking box, and makes butter.

متوسط

About 5 hours, plus printing

التعليمات

Cream's moment and spring force

جارٍ تحميل دفتر Jupyter…

A rocking churn before it

The embedded blueprint rocks a churn on a stool. Hitt hangs his on gudgeons and adds springs to help it back.

Read US 2,800

"I am aware that there is not any actual gain of power in the employment of springs in the manner designated, and they are not, therefore, used with any such view; but as the cream runs from end to end of the containing vessel, it acquires a momentum which would render the continuance of the rocking motion under the foregoing manner of suspending the containing vessel, one of much difficulty."

Print the parts

Print the perforated diaphragm flat (/uploads/blueprints/spring-return-rocking-churn-diaphragm.stl), two diaphragm guides (/uploads/blueprints/spring-return-rocking-churn-diaphragm-guide.stl) and two gudgeon bosses (/uploads/blueprints/spring-return-rocking-churn-gudgeon-boss.stl). Print in PETG at 0.2 mm layers, 30 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.

المواد لهذه الخطوة:

خيط PETG1 قطعة

الأدوات المطلوبة:

طابعة ثلاثية الأبعاد بالخيط (FDM)

The rocking box

Take a food-safe box about 300 × 150 × 140 mm with a lid. Screw a guide inside each long side at the middle and slide the diaphragm into them, so it lifts out for washing as his did on buttons. Screw a gudgeon boss to the outside of each long side at the middle, and fit an M8 bolt through each as a gudgeon. Fix a dowel handle to one end.

المواد لهذه الخطوة:

حافظة خزن بدرجة غذائية1 قطعة

براغي آلية1 قطعة

صامولة سداسية1 قطعة

أوتاد من خشب صلب1 قطعة

برغي خشب #8 × 1 بوصة1 قطعة

الأدوات المطلوبة:

مثقاب لاسلكي

طقم لقم ثقب

طقم مفكات

مفتاح ربط قابل للضبط

Frame, springs and cords

Build a pine base with two braced posts drilled for the gudgeons, so the box swings clear. Screw a spring-steel strip to the base under each end, bowed up so its tip stands just below the box when the box is level. Tie each tip to the box's end with a cord, leaving a little slack.

المواد لهذه الخطوة:

لوح صنوبر1 قطعة

شريط فولاذ نابضي1 قطعة

حبل باراكورد1 قطعة

برغي خشب #8 × 1 بوصة1 قطعة

غراء خشب1 قطعة

الأدوات المطلوبة:

منشار يدوي

مثقاب لاسلكي

طقم لقم ثقب

طقم مفكات

مقصّ صفائح

ملازم

The patent drawing

US 2,800 drawing sheet, public domain (expired patent).

Rock and make butter

Let the heavy cream stand until it reaches about 15 °C, checked with the thermometer. Pour in 1 litre and fit the lid. Rock the box by its handle, letting the springs lift each end back; time until the butter comes. Pour off the buttermilk, add cold water, churn a little and pour off again until it runs clear; work in a pinch of salt and weigh the butter.

المواد لهذه الخطوة:

قشدة كاملة الدسم1000 مل

ملح بحري خشن1 قطعة

ماء1 قطعة

الأدوات المطلوبة:

مقياس حرارة بمجس يبقى داخل الطعام

ساعة إيقاف

ميزان مطبخ رقمي

وعاء خلط كبير من فولاذ مقاوم للصدأ

A box that sticks down, springs that slap

Spring-return rocking churn troubleshooting.

Flow

History and honest limits

**Daniel F. Hitt** of Galena, Jo Daviess County, Illinois, received US 2,800, dated 7 October 1842. His body could be a trunk, box or cylinder; one end was removable, held "by wedges, screws, or otherwise"; the springs "may be varied in form, and may be made either of wood, or of metal." He did not claim the rocking churn or the suspension on gudgeons, both already used, but the manner of combining the springs with a churn that vibrates on gudgeons. **Honest limits.** A food-safe box and spring-steel strips stand in for his body and springs. The notebook's moment is an estimate, not a measurement. FDM prints hold food in their layer lines, so wash well and replace when worn. Your times and weights are the result.