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Steam Still: a Horizontal Still with Steam Coils and Scrubbing Tower (Bell, 1923)

H. S. Bell · Public domain in the US (published 1923)

أنشأه

Forge

4. نوفمبر 2026

Steam Still: a Horizontal Still with Steam Coils and Scrubbing Tower (Bell, 1923)

A refinery still heated only by steam: a horizontal riveted shell with closed steam coils and open steam sprays in the bottom, and a tower of broken stone or tile on top where rising vapour meets the incoming feed. Used to re-run naphtha and kerosene and to strip naphtha from lubricating stocks without a fire. Variable: batch, semi-continuous, or continuous with four baffled compartments. Bell's Fig. 39 still is 10 x 30 ft. Source: H. S. Bell, American Petroleum Refining (1923), pp. 105-109. Unknown: plate thickness. Picture: Fig. 39 of the book.

خبير

Unknown

التعليمات

Build the shell

Rivet a horizontal cylindrical shell (Fig. 39: 10 x 30 ft) with the plate seams running straight round it (Fig. 36), cheaper than a fire still's layout; hemispherical heads are an expense with no clear reason. Fit a manhole, a drain, flanges for oil and steam and a nozzle for the tower.

المواد لهذه الخطوة:

لوح صلب طري1 shell, heads

زاوية من الفولاذ الطري1 قطعة

برشام فولاذي1 قطعة

الأدوات المطلوبة:

مكبس تخريم

مطرقة برشمة

أبعاد غير معروفة

Fit coils, sprays and baffles

Lay closed steam coils in the bottom with open steam sprays beside them. For continuous running, divide the shell into four compartments with cross baffles, leaving small openings at the bottom so condensed water drains to the water pot at the rear. Give the coils 62.5 sq ft of heating surface per 100 gallons taken overhead per hour: 33 % in the first compartment, 28 % in the second, 22 % in the third, 17 % in the rear. A semi-continuous still needs no baffles.

المواد لهذه الخطوة:

ملف بخاري1 62.5 sq ft per 100 gal/h

أنبوب فولاذي (سميك الجدار، بأطراف ملولبة)1 open sprays, header

صمّام بخار2 قطع

لوح صلب طري1 baffles

الأدوات المطلوبة:

مطرقة برشمة

Add the scrubbing tower

Mount a combined scrubbing and dephlegmating tower on the still, filled with broken stone or tile. The feed enters at its top and trickles down against the rising vapour and steam, which condenses the heavier fractions and carries them back to the still; the vapour goes on to the condensers.

المواد لهذه الخطوة:

لوح صلب طري1 tower

برشام فولاذي1 قطعة

حصى مكسّرة1 broken stone or tile

الأدوات المطلوبة:

مطرقة برشمة

Set it

Settings are simple: brick cross piers or steel frames, with brick or concrete dividing walls between stills where they must carry the tower and heat exchangers. Pipe the residual outlet with a valve.

المواد لهذه الخطوة: