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Condenser Worm: Copper Tube Coiled in a Water Tub
A still's vapour becomes liquid again in the worm: a copper tube coiled in a tub of cold water. Ure (1839) describes copper stills with a capital and worm, and retorts piped to a worm-tub. Fill copper tube with dry sand so it bends without kinking, wind it round a wooden drum with a steady fall, and set it in a tub with the outlet through the side near the bottom.
The picture: our diagram, the worm in its tub, vapour in at the top and liquid out at the bottom.
Intermediate
A day
Instructions
1
1
Fill the tube
Fill the tube
Cork one end of the copper tube, fill it with dry sand tamped down, and cork the other end.
Materials for this step:
Copper Tube8 m
Sand2 kg
Corks2 piecesTools needed:
Wooden Mallet2
2
Wind the coil
Wind the coil
Saw a log into a drum about 30 cm across (our size). Anneal the tube in the fire if it is stiff, then wind it slowly round the drum, letting each turn fall about 5 cm, so the liquid always runs downhill.
Materials for this step:
Hardwood Logs1 pieceTools needed:
Hand Saw
Blacksmith Forge
Heat-Resistant Gloves3
3
Empty the sand
Empty the sand
Slide the coil off the drum, pull the corks and shake and wash out all the sand.
Materials for this step:
Water5 litersTools needed:
Bucket4
4
Set it in the tub
Set it in the tub
Drill the tub near its bottom for the outlet, pass the lower end out through it and seal the hole with a cork and tallow. Fill the tub with cold water; renew the water as it warms.
Materials for this step:
Corks1 piece
Animal Fat (Tallow)0.05 kgWater100 litersTools needed:
Vat
Hand Drill5
5
Tube for the coil
Tube for the coil
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Materials
6- 8 mPlaceholder
- 2 kgPlaceholder
- 2 piecesPlaceholder
- Placeholder
- 105 litersPlaceholder
- 0.05 kgPlaceholder
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