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Mild Steel Plate and Sheet Hammered from a Billet
Before sheet mills, iron plate was hammered out hot, and thin sheet was hammered thinner still. A billet from a mild steel ingot is spread wide with the cross peen and smoothed with the flatter: thick results are plate, thin ones sheet. By hand, sheet much thinner than about 1.5 mm is very hard to keep even; measure what you get.
Work at yellow heat and return to the fire at red, as for bar stock.
Advanced
A day
Instructions
1
1
Billets and heats
Billets and heats
Cutting billets and working at the right heat.
2
2
Spread across
Spread across
Heat a billet to yellow and strike across it with the cross peen, in rows, to widen it; then along it to lengthen. Turn it over each heat.
Materials for this step:
Steel Ingot3 kg
Charcoal - Lump10 kgTools needed:
Blacksmith Forge
Cross Peen Hammer
Blacksmith Tongs
Anvil
Leather Apron
Welding Gloves
Safety Glasses
Ear Protection Muffs3
3
Flatten
Flatten
Lay the flatter on it and strike with the sledgehammer to take out the peen marks.
Tools needed:
Flatter
Sledgehammer4
4
Plate or sheet
Plate or sheet
Stop at the thickness you need for plate. For sheet, keep thinning with lighter blows; thin steel loses heat fast, so take short heats.
Tools needed:
Blacksmith Hammer
Digital Caliper 6-Inch5
5
Level and trim
Level and trim
At a low red heat, level it against the anvil face, check with the straightedge, and let it cool in air. Cut the ragged edges off on the hardy and file them.
Tools needed:
Blacksmith Hammer
Straightedge
Hot Cut Hardy
File Set6
6
Clean and measure
Clean and measure
Wire-brush the scale off and measure the thickness at several points.
Tools needed:
Wire Brush Set
Digital Caliper 6-Inch7
7
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
Plate forging troubleshooting.
Flow
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Materials
2- 3 kgPlaceholder
- 10 kgPlaceholder
Tools Required
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