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Lead-Lined Tank: a Steel Acid Tank with an Antimonial Lead Lining (Bell, 1923)
A riveted steel tank lined with sheet lead, for weak sulphuric acid, which eats bare steel. The lead hangs from the top angle and is held to the shell by steel straps covered with lead burned to the lining.
Bell's example (Fig. 170) is a vertical tank 15 ft across and 10 ft high, lined with 6 % antimony lead at 7 1/2 lb per sq ft.
Source: H. S. Bell, American Petroleum Refining (1923), pp. 305-306. Picture: Fig. 170 of the book.
Expert
Unknown
Instructions
1
1
Build the steel tank
Build the steel tank
Build the shell as a standard riveted vertical tank, with plate at least 3/8 in thick. Drive the rivets with flat heads 1/16 to 1/8 in high inside, and leave out an occasional rivet so leaks in the lining can be found. The shell plates need not be bevelled or caulked. If you can, stand it on concrete piers with steel I-beams so the bottom can be inspected, and protect the concrete with coal tar or petroleum pitch.
Materials for this step:
Mild Steel Plate1 3/8 in min.
Steel Rivets1 pieceTools needed:
Riveting Hammer
Coal Tar Pitch
Unknown Dimensions2
2
Cut the lead
Cut the lead
Use chemical lead at 8 lb per sq ft, or 6 % antimony lead at 7 1/2 lb per sq ft. For Bell's 15 x 10 ft tank: 7 sheets 10 ft 11 in x 7 ft 2 in, 7 sheets 10 ft 11 in x 7 in, and 2 half-circle sheets of 8 ft radius for the bottom.
Materials for this step:
Lead Sheet16 sheets, 6 % antimony, 7 1/2 lb/sq ftTools needed:
Tin Snips3
3
Hang and strap the lining
Hang and strap the lining
Dress the lead over the top angle to carry it. Hold it to the shell with straps of round-edged tire steel (Fig. 170: seven straps 2 1/2 x 3/8 in, about 9 ft long), no more than 8 ft apart round the shell; round edges won't cut the lead while it is dressed. Bolt the straps through the shell with 1/2 in bolts, heads countersunk inside.
Materials for this step:
Mild Steel Flat Bar7 2 1/2 x 3/8 in, about 9 ft
Hex Bolt - Grade 8.81 1/2 in, number not givenTools needed:
Wooden Mallet4
4
Burn the seams and cover the straps
Burn the seams and cover the straps
Burn (fuse) the lead seams together. Burn a narrow strip of lead over each strap onto the lining, so no steel or bolt head is left bare to the acid. Not given: the burning tool.
Materials for this step:
Lead Sheet1 cover stripsTools needed:
TorchMaterials
5- 1 3/8 in min.Placeholder
- 1 piecePlaceholder
- 1 cover stripsPlaceholder
- 7 2 1/2 x 3/8 in, about 9 ftPlaceholder
- 1 1/2 in, number not givenPlaceholder
Tools Required
6- Placeholder
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