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Magnesia Crucible: Strongly Calcined Magnesia Bound with Raw Magnesia and Baked at a Red Heat (Thorpe 1912)
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Magnesia Crucible: Strongly Calcined Magnesia Bound with Raw Magnesia and Baked at a Red Heat (Thorpe 1912)

A magnesia crucible is a pot of magnesia, a basic refractory. Thorpe's Dictionary of Applied Chemistry (1912) gives the recipe introduced by Caron: magnesia shrinks a great deal when heated, so it is first calcined hotter than it will ever be used, then bound with 15-30 per cent of raw, slightly calcined magnesia and 10-15 per cent of water, moulded, dried and baked at a red heat. He gives no calcining temperature, mould or size; those are unknown here. Source: Thorpe, Dictionary of Applied Chemistry vol. II (1912), CRUCIBLES, p. 170. Picture: that passage.
Intermediate
Two to three days

Instructions

1

Read Thorpe

"The highly heated magnesia would not cohere without admixture with the raw material."
2

Calcine most of the magnesia hard

Magnesia contracts considerably when heated, so before making it into a crucible expose it to a higher temperature than the crucible will meet in use. The temperature itself is not given. Keep back a part of the magnesia only slightly calcined.

Materials for this step:

Magnesium OxideMagnesium Oxide1 as required

Tools needed:

KilnKiln
Heat-Resistant GlovesHeat-Resistant Gloves
3

Make the paste

Grind the strongly calcined magnesia and mix it with 15-30 per cent of the raw (slightly calcined) magnesia and 10-15 per cent of water into a paste. The raw part is what makes it hold together.

Materials for this step:

WaterWater1 10-15 per cent

Tools needed:

Mortar & PestleMortar & Pestle
Precision Digital ScalePrecision Digital Scale
Dust MaskDust Mask
4

Mould the crucible

Mould the paste into crucibles. Thorpe does not describe the mould or give sizes (unknown).

Tools needed:

Unknown MaterialUnknown Material
Unknown DimensionsUnknown Dimensions
5

Dry and bake

Dry the crucibles, then bake them at a red heat. Thorpe notes that magnesia crucibles are not harmed by standing in the air.

Tools needed:

KilnKiln
Heat-Resistant GlovesHeat-Resistant Gloves
6

History and honest limits

Thorpe credits Caron with introducing magnesia for crucibles and for lining reverberatory furnaces in which steel was melted and dephosphorised. He also lists magnesia-bauxite crucibles (Gaudin) and calcined magnesite with a boron compound (Rawson and Littlefield, 1900). The calcining temperature, the mould, the size and the drying are not given; the tools are ours.

Materials

2
  • 1 as required
    Placeholder
  • 1 10-15 per cent
    Placeholder

Tools Required

7

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