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Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate from Superphosphate: Lagrange's Process
Monoammonium phosphate from superphosphate, by Lagrange's process (Thorpe, 1912). Water and steam wash the soluble phosphate out of the superphosphate. A little barium carbonate takes out the gypsum still dissolved, and ammonia in slight excess throws down the last of the lime. The clear liquor holds the salt.
The picture: our own drawing.
Intermediate
2 days
Instructions
1
1
Leach the superphosphate
Leach the superphosphate
Stir the superphosphate with hot water and steam. Let the calcium sulfate (gypsum) settle and draw off the solution; Lagrange's came to about 42 °Tw.
Materials for this step:
Superphosphate of Lime1 kgTools needed:
Saucepan
Water
Hydrometer2
2
Take out the dissolved gypsum
Take out the dissolved gypsum
Some gypsum stays dissolved. Add barium carbonate carefully, a little at a time, then filter.
Tools needed:
Barium Carbonate (Witherite)
Fine Cotton Filter Cloth
Glass Jar3
3
Add ammonia
Add ammonia
Wear gloves; ammonia stings. Add ammonia until in slight excess: all the lime comes down as a phosphate. Filter it off (it can go back into making superphosphate).
Materials for this step:
Ammonia Solution - 25-28%1 as requiredTools needed:
Nitrile GlovesFine Cotton Filter ClothGlass Jar4
4
Crystallise the salt
Crystallise the salt
The clear liquor, at about 32 °Tw, holds the monoammonium phosphate. Evaporate it in a dish to crystallise the salt.
Tools needed:
Hydrometer
Evaporating DishMaterials
2- Placeholder
- 1 as requiredPlaceholder
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