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Phosphor Bronze Ingot: 90 Copper Melted under Charcoal with 10 Phosphor-Tin, Stirred with Graphite (Thurston)
Phosphor bronze is a tin bronze cleaned of oxide by a little phosphorus, which makes it sound, tough and springy. Thurston melts the copper under charcoal, stirs in phosphor-tin with a graphite bar, skims and pours at once.
Result: phosphor bronze of 90 parts copper and 10 parts phosphor-tin, cast into ingots.
Source: Thurston, A Treatise on Brasses, Bronzes and Other Alloys (1910), pp. 145-147. Not given: temperatures, mould. Picture drawn by Youblob.
Intermediate
1 day
Instructions
1
1
Weigh 90 copper to 10 phosphor-tin
Weigh 90 copper to 10 phosphor-tin
Weigh 90 parts of copper to 10 parts of phosphor-tin, Thurston's mix for coupling and crank-rod journals. Use no zinc.
Materials for this step:
Copper Ingot90 parts by weight
Phosphor-Tin10 parts by weightTools needed:
Balance Scale2
2
Melt the copper under charcoal
Melt the copper under charcoal
Melt the copper in a plumbago crucible and cover it with charcoal as quickly as possible.
Tools needed:
Graphite-Clay Crucible
Crucible Furnace
Charcoal3
3
Stir in the phosphor-tin with a graphite bar
Stir in the phosphor-tin with a graphite bar
Add the phosphor-tin while stirring the metal continually and carefully with a graphite bar, a strip of old plumbago crucible or a bar of retort carbon.
Tools needed:
Graphite Electrode4
4
Skim and pour before a skin forms
Skim and pour before a skin forms
Clear the charcoal and dross off the top and pour before the surface begins to skin over. If the metal does not show a bright mirror face, a tiny further addition of phosphor metal is needed.
Tools needed:
Perforated Skimmer
Crucible Tongs
Ingot MouldMaterials
2- 90 parts by weightPlaceholder
- 10 parts by weightPlaceholder
Tools Required
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