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Salol: Salicylic Acid and Phenol Melted with Phosphorus Oxychloride (Nencki and Seifert, 1886)
Salol, phenyl salicylate, is the ester of salicylic acid and phenol: colourless crystals that melt at 43 C, insoluble in water.
M. von Nencki and R. Seifert patented its making in 1886: melt two parts salicylic acid with two parts phenol (by molecules), heat to 120 C and add one part phosphorus oxychloride little by little. Hydrogen chloride escapes and salol forms; water separates it from the melt, soda washes it and alcohol recrystallises it.
The scale and the glassware are ours. Their second route, from sodium salicylate, is a separate blueprint.
Source: US 350,012 (1886). Picture: their specification, p. 1.
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