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Screw Eye: Parmelee's One-Piece Wire Eye with a Stop-Ring
A screw eye bent from one piece of wire, by Arthur W. Parmelee of Worcester, Massachusetts (US 350,209, 1886). One end is threaded to turn into wood, the other bent into a closed eye. His addition is a ring closed into a groove around the shank: it stops the screw at the right depth, looks neat, and is left a little loose so the eye can turn without marking the wood under it.
The patent gives no metal or sizes. Iron wire, the 3 mm size, the pliers and the die are ours. The picture: Figs. 1-3 and 10-11 of the patent.
Beginner
30 minutes
Instructions
1
1
Cut a piece of wire
Cut a piece of wire
Cut a straight piece of iron wire about 3 mm thick (ours), long enough for the screw, the shank and the eye (Fig. 1).
Materials for this step:
Iron Wire1 pieceTools needed:
Ruler
Wire Cutters2
2
Cut the groove
Cut the groove
File a narrow groove right round the wire, a screw length from one end (Fig. 2). Parmelee cuts it or presses it in.
Tools needed:
Needle File Set
Bench Vise3
3
Point the screw end
Point the screw end
File that end to a tapering point (Fig. 3).
Tools needed:
Metal FileBench Vise4
4
Thread the screw end
Thread the screw end
Cut a screw thread on the pointed end "in the usual way". Ours: a die in a die stock, run on as far as the point allows.
Tools needed:
Die StockBench Vise5
5
Bend the eye
Bend the eye
Bend the other end into a closed round eye, the end turned in against the shank (Fig. 10).
Tools needed:
Round-nose Pliers
Flat-Nose Pliers6
6
Make the split ring
Make the split ring
Bend a short piece of the same wire round into an open ring that just slips over the shank (Figs. 9 and 11).
Materials for this step:
Iron Wire1 pieceTools needed:
Wire CuttersRound-nose Pliers7
7
Close the ring into the groove
Close the ring into the groove
Slide the ring onto the groove and squeeze it until its two ends meet in a continuous band. Leave it a little loose, so the eye turns while the ring stays still against the wood.
Tools needed:
Flat-Nose Pliers8
8
Turn it into the wood
Turn it into the wood
Turn the screw into the wood by the eye until the ring meets the surface: the ring is the depth stop. Parmelee also allows washers under the ring; we leave them out.
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