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Sodium Thiosulfate: Soda and Sulphur Fusion (Thorpe, 1913)
A small batch of 'hypo' (photographic fixer) from soda and sulphur: dry sodium carbonate is fused with a third of its weight of flowers of sulphur in an open porcelain basin, stirred so air reaches every part, then dissolved, boiled with more sulphur and crystallised.
The sodium sulphide formed first takes up oxygen from the air and turns, with a faint glow, into thiosulphate.
Source: T. E. Thorpe, Dictionary of Applied Chemistry vol. V (1913), p. 29. Picture: the book's text.
Intermediate
Unknown
Instructions
1
1
Mix soda and sulphur
Mix soda and sulphur
Weigh about 1 lb of pure, well-dried sodium carbonate and mix it with about one-third its weight of flowers of sulphur.
Materials for this step:
Sodium Carbonate (soda ash)1 about 1 lb, well dried
Sulfur Powder1 about 1/3 the weight of sodaTools needed:
Precision Digital Scale2
2
Fuse in the open basin
Fuse in the open basin
Heat the mixture in a porcelain basin to the melting point of sulphur for some time, stirring well all the while so every part meets the air. The sulphide formed absorbs oxygen and turns, with a feeble glow, into sodium thiosulphate.
Tools needed:
Evaporating Dish
Bunsen Burner
Glass Stirring Rod3
3
Dissolve, boil and crystallise
Dissolve, boil and crystallise
When cold, dissolve the mass in water, boil it with sulphur for some time, and concentrate the liquid by evaporation to the crystallising point. A very pure product can be had this way.
Materials for this step:
Water1 pieceSulfur Powder1 pieceTools needed:
Evaporating DishBunsen BurnerGlass Stirring RodMaterials
3- 1 about 1 lb, well driedPlaceholder
- 1 piecePlaceholder
- 1 piecePlaceholder
Tools Required
4- Placeholder
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