I-Khothoni Elikholo Ye-Paraíba — Umbala Ongenzi

Khetha inhlobo yekhotoni elikholo ngokwembala oyifunayo: BRS Ruby (umbuqo-obomvu omnandi, okukhuphele kakhulu), BRS Topaz (umbuqo olula), BRS Sapphire (umbuqo-obomvu), BRS Green (okuluhlaza — umbala we-caffeic acid) noma BRS Jade (umbuqo olula, ukunyandwa okukhulu). Zonke zingama-NON-OGM, zathuthukiswa ngokubuyekeza okujwayelekile.

I-khothoni elikholo EMBRAPA uthuthukiswe kumathasimende amantla. Umhlaba onesanti kuya kwesicaba, ondulele kahle, i-pH 6,0-7,0. Isimo sikhithaza nesikhathi sesipilisi esinomkhakha. Ukulima okhemikhali — ngaphandle kwezikhilishi noma izilindi.

Siza ekuqaleni kwesikhathi somvula. Amakheli: 0,80-1,0m phakathi kweziganeko, 0,20-0,25m phakathi kwezitshalo. Ubunzima: 3-5cm. Izinhlobo zonyaka (ngaphandle kwe-BRS 200 Brown, okuwumkhakha onamnyaka amathathu onobhubhane obunenhlanu).

CRUCIAL: londoza amakheli angama-250m ukusuka kunoma yikuphi kukulima kwekhotoni emhlophe ejwayelekile. Ukuphuza ngokwejoselo kuvunyelwe ukuhlumeka kwemvelo yombala. Inhlobo ngayinye elikholo kufanele futhi ihlele kunezinye.

Ukulima ngaphandle kobu buhluzi. I-khothoni elikholo ye-Paraíba inomqulu wokugcina isilo. Ukulawula izilwane ngokulwela. Ukunisela okwengeziwe uma kunyadwa emadlangalaleni.

Vuna ipulanga le-khothoni uma livuleke konke, lizobonakale ithumbe. Inwele iyabaleka ngokuluhlaza — umbala wemvelo uwubonakala nganxantathu ngo-1 eviki ekuseni kwekuvuna.

Izimbala zobuqo nobomvu: evakwolwini lika-tanin ngaphakathi kwelumen yezinwele. Umbala oluhlaza: ye-caffeic acid ezingeni lika-suberin (wax). Umbala oluhlaza lususeleke ekuseni kunokuthukathele kunomikhothoni.

Hlula inwele zesithwala kusetshenziswa i-ginnery esandleni noma enjensi. Izithwala zingagcinwa umdlalo (aziyona hybrids — izithwala zabuye ngombala okuthile).

Cardu inwele ngamakhadi esandleni ukuhlanganisa izinwele futhi kuvale ngulube. I-khothoni elikholo inowela omfushane kuneyomhlophe yokuhamba — incozelo esinele ithuthuka ngokuthembeka.

Hlaba inwele eyahlanganiswe ngesikhali sesandla noma isiphuphu. Inwele emfushane idinga ukufaka kakhulu futhi kwamajosi kaningi. Ingaxubulaniswe ne-khothoni emhlophe ukwandisa ubude nokuqina.

Okungeziwe kwezinkuni ezizenzwe ngekhemikhali, i-khothoni engombala ngokwemvelo INTENSIFICA umbala wayo kuye ekuseni. Vala isampuli ukuze ubone umthelela — abafundi be-Texas Tech University bakuthakathisa lo mphenyo.

Sebenzisa i-silk ende noma umsebenzi wokukhuphela. I-khothoni elikholo ye-Paraíba isetshenziwe ku-jeans, izilwane, izinto ezinye futhi sengeniswa kumikhosi yefashoni eMilan.

Le nqubo yokukhiqiza ilondoloza 87,5% wamanzi asetshenziswayo inqubo ye-textile ejwayelekile — ngaphandle kwe-bleaching, ngaphandle kwe-dyeing, ngaphandle kokunye. Umphakathi waseMquilombola namazatsheni amaphandle ye-Paraíba akhiqiza i-khothoni enomqulu wokugcina isilo.

Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi i-khothoni elikholo, ikakhulukazi eluhlaza, inikeza ukunakekela kwe-UV okuhlotshaniswa 'kahle' kuya 'kakhulu' (ASTM 6603), elondolozwe uma kuphela kwalukhela amasiklo angama-80 kukhanya nokuwasha okungu-multi.