UBUCIKO
UBUHLE NEMPILO
UBUCIKO BEZANDLA
AMASIKO NOMLANDO
EZOKUZIJABULISA
IMVELO
UKUDLA NEZIPHUZO
REVERSE ENGINEERING
IZAYENSI
EZEMIDLALO
UBUCHWEPHESHE
IZINTO EZIGQOKWAYO
Bromide Paper: Gelatino-Bromide Emulsion Coated on Paper
Bromide paper is paper coated with silver bromide in gelatin, the printing and enlarging paper of the darkroom. Thorpe (1913) gives a beginner's emulsion: gelatin swelled in potassium bromide solution, silver nitrate made clear with strong ammonia, the two joined under ruby light, ripened, set, washed, and spread on paper as on a glass plate. From the moment the silver goes in, work only by ruby light. Grain and ounce figures are Thorpe's; the gram conversions and the 10-sheet batch are ours.
The picture: our own drawing.
Osezingeni eliphezulu
4 days
Imiyalelo
1
1
Swell the gelatin
Swell the gelatin
Dissolve 185 grains (12.0 g) of potassium bromide in 5 oz (142 ml) of water. Cover 300 grains (19.4 g) of hard gelatin with it and stir until it softens and swells.
Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:
I-Potassium Bromide12 g
Impuphu ye-gelatin19.4 gAmathuluzi adingekayo:
Amanzi
Ibhikha Lengilazi
Induku Yengilazi Yokugovuza
Isikali sesilinganiso2
2
Dissolve the silver
Dissolve the silver
Dissolve 231 grains (15.0 g) of silver nitrate in 5 oz (142 ml) of water with gentle heat in the water bath. Add strong ammonia (0.880) a little at a time, stirring, until the precipitate that first forms dissolves again.
Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:
I-Silver Nitrate15 gAmathuluzi adingekayo:
Amanzi
Isixazululo Se-Ammonia Esiqinile (0.880)Ibhikha LengilaziInduku Yengilazi Yokugovuza
Ibhodwe elikhulu (elingezansi, lokugeza ngamanzi)3
3
Melt the gelatin, never above 35 °C
Melt the gelatin, never above 35 °C
Stand both vessels in the pan of water, never above 35 °C, stirring, until the gelatin is perfectly liquid. Up to here ordinary light is fine.
Amathuluzi adingekayo:
Ibhodwe elikhulu (elingezansi, lokugeza ngamanzi)
IthemomithaInduku Yengilazi Yokugovuza4
4
Add the silver under ruby light
Add the silver under ruby light
From now on, ruby light only. Pour the silver solution into the gelatin in a thin stream, stirring all the time. Rinse the silver beaker with about 1 oz (28 ml) of warm water into the emulsion.
Amathuluzi adingekayo:
Isibani Sokuphepha Esiluhlaza OkubomvuIbhikha LengilaziInduku Yengilazi YokugovuzaAmanzi5
5
Ripen
Ripen
Leave the emulsion in the hot water for half to three-quarters of an hour.
Amathuluzi adingekayo:
Ibhodwe elikhulu (elingezansi, lokugeza ngamanzi)Isibani Sokuphepha Esiluhlaza Okubomvu6
6
Set in the dark
Set in the dark
Pour it into a flat dish, put it in a light-tight box and let it set for at least 24 hours; two or three days is better.
Amathuluzi adingekayo:
Amathreyi ebumba angajulile
Ibhokisi Elivimbela Ukukhanya7
7
Wash through canvas
Wash through canvas
Scrape the set jelly onto wet coarse canvas and tie it into a bag. Knead it under water so it squeezes through in threads. Pour off the water, cover with fresh, wait 5 minutes and pour off: six to eight times.
Amathuluzi adingekayo:
Isipatula
Indwangu ye-canvas
IntamboAmanziIsibani Sokuphepha Esiluhlaza Okubomvu8
8
Drain and store
Drain and store
Turn the threads onto a strainer covered with a cloth and let the water drain. Rinse with methylated spirit and keep in a lidded jar until coating.
Amathuluzi adingekayo:
Isihlungo
Indwangu ye-muslin
Utshwala olwenziwe lungaphuzwa
Ijeke Lengilazi ElinesivaloIsibani Sokuphepha Esiluhlaza Okubomvu9
9
Coat the paper
Coat the paper
Melt the emulsion in the warm water bath. Lay a sheet of paper flat on a levelled glass slab. Pour emulsion on the middle to cover nearly half the sheet, and spread it to each end with a glass rod 2 inches wider than the sheet, held just off the surface.
Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:
Iphepha10 amashidiAmathuluzi adingekayo:
Ibhodwe elikhulu (elingezansi, lokugeza ngamanzi)
Ushidi wengilazi
Isilinganiso SokulinganaInduku Yengilazi YokugovuzaIsibani Sokuphepha Esiluhlaza Okubomvu10
10
Dry
Dry
When the coat has set, move the sheets to a rack in a drying box with a current of air. They dry in 12 to 48 hours. Keep them in the light-tight box.
Amathuluzi adingekayo:
Ishelufu LokomisaIbhokisi Elivimbela UkukhanyaIzinto
4- Isibambeli
- 19.4 gIsibambeli
- 15 gIsibambeli
- 10 amashidiIsibambeli
Amathuluzi Adingekayo
20- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
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