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Caustic Potash (Potassium Hydroxide) from Potash and Slaked Lime, Ure 1839
Leiem (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY-SA 4.0
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Caustic Potash (Potassium Hydroxide) from Potash and Slaked Lime, Ure 1839

Boiling potash with slaked lime makes it caustic: the lime takes the carbonic acid and falls as chalk, and potassium hydroxide stays in the water. Andrew Ure (1839) gives the method; it was the main way to make caustic potash until electrolysis took over late in the 19th century.
Ophakathi
Half a day

Imiyalelo

1

Dissolve and add lime

Dissolve the potash in six times its weight of water in an iron kettle. Stir in as much slaked lime as there was potash.

Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:

I-potassium carbonate (i-potash)I-potassium carbonate (i-potash)1 kg
AmanziAmanzi6 amalitha
I-calcium hydroxide (umcako ocishiwe)I-calcium hydroxide (umcako ocishiwe)1 kg

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Isikali sesilinganisoIsikali sesilinganiso
Iketela LensimbiIketela Lensimbi
Izibuko Zokuchitheka KwamakhemikhaliIzibuko Zokuchitheka Kwamakhemikhali
Isivikelo SobusoIsivikelo Sobuso
Amagilavu erabhaAmagilavu erabha
2

Boil an hour, then settle

Boil for an hour. Cover it and let the chalk settle, out of contact with air: the lye takes carbonic acid back from the air.

Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:

AmalahleAmalahle1 as required

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Iketela LensimbiIketela Lensimbi
Isithando SamalahleIsithando Samalahle
Izibuko Zokuchitheka KwamakhemikhaliIzibuko Zokuchitheka Kwamakhemikhali
Isivikelo SobusoIsivikelo Sobuso
Amagilavu erabhaAmagilavu erabha
3

Siphon off and boil down

Siphon the clear lye into the cleaned kettle and boil it down, covered except for a small steam hole, until it flows like oil, nearly red-hot.

Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:

AmalahleAmalahle1 as required

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Ishubhu lokukhipha uketsheziIshubhu lokukhipha uketshezi
Iketela LensimbiIketela Lensimbi
Isithando SamalahleIsithando Samalahle
Izibuko Zokuchitheka KwamakhemikhaliIzibuko Zokuchitheka Kwamakhemikhali
Isivikelo SobusoIsivikelo Sobuso
Amagilavu erabhaAmagilavu erabha
4

Pour, cut and bottle

Pour it onto a bright iron plate, cut it into pieces as soon as it sets and bottle it at once under a ground stopper: in air it soaks up water and carbonic acid.

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Ipuleti lensimbiIpuleti lensimbi
Amabhodlela engilazi anezivimboAmabhodlela engilazi anezivimbo
Izibuko Zokuchitheka KwamakhemikhaliIzibuko Zokuchitheka Kwamakhemikhali
Isivikelo SobusoIsivikelo Sobuso
Amagilavu erabhaAmagilavu erabha
5

How much caustic potash

Ilayisha incwadi ye-Jupyter…
6

Limits

Ure's method; the kettle, the charcoal fire and the quantities in the notebook are ours. Caustic potash burns skin and eyes: Ure says never to touch it with the fingers.

Izinto

4

Amathuluzi Adingekayo

9

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I-potassium hydroxide

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Burning Limestone for Lime Plaster — Calcination and Slaking

Burning Limestone for Lime Plaster — Calcination and Slaking

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