Kusuka Kwisulwa Ezinambuzweni — Isulwa Samangcwele Asezulwini

Ingulube yase-Vicunha ivikelwe yi-CITES (Umkela Wobubusiswa Bomthungu Wezinto Ezingathokoziswa). Isulwa lingathola kuphela ngokusemthethweni miphakathini yase-Andine evunyelwe edlala i-chaccu — ukuthungwa kwezikwamende zezilwane eziphilayo ezikhukhanyiswa. Hlola njalo i-siboniso sempilo yomthombo.

Isulwa se-vicunha sinendlela engu-12-13 microns — esincane nokunotshe (15-19μ), mohair (25-45μ) noma iwool ye-merino (15-23μ). Izilwane ngayinye ikhiqiza nje 200-300 g eminyakeni emibili. Isulwa sinombala wekanela lwalapho nasemuva nasemthakathini. Cima isilinganiso ngaysinye nokuhlonipha.

Njengamthongolwane, ingulube yase-vicunha inethu yenambanje ethambile ye-exterior e-mixed ngezinambuzweni ze-ultrafine. Uhlukanisa nangcono ngesandla. Umehluko owobunzima unamathele — udinga ukukhanya okuhle nokwamandla.

Ngengiselele isulwa emanzini asefakhadeni ngu-25-30°C — amasele kunokunotshe noma amthongolwane. Isulwa esincane kakhulu ukuthi agitation noma isikhathi esikhulu singakhohlisa i-felting. Vumela ukuba ligwatshulwe amaminithi 15. Ungathinti.

Susa isulwa emanzini acacile ngesikhathi esifanayo sokukhanya. Ungeke uguqule isikhathi okukhohlisa — ukushaya kwesikhathi kumisa i-felting nkosikazi. Umhlambedlangu owayinye uvamile.

Susa isulwa emanzini ngezandla zombili zivulile, njengamalilalele. Beka emeshini elula emthunzini. Ungeke ukuvuza, uphakamisele noma uphesha. Vumela ukuba ucome ngokwamandla — singadinga amahora angamashumi amabili namne.

Ngesicelo samaphuzu okukhanda, vula kunganeno umsebenzi osulwa lomsebenti. Isulwa se-vicunha esincane kakhulu ngomuntu ophuma — sebenza endaweni engaphandle kukanotho.

Sebenzisa izinambani zesandla ngezinyo ezinhle nolukhuni olukhuni. Thumela inani elincane lesulwa — isigamu salokho ongasetshenzisela i-alpaca. Susa inambani yesibili ngesayingi ye-ultra-soft, 3-4 amathathi kuphela. Ukuthwala okwengeziwe kumella isulwa.

Humusha isulwa esithwalelwe emagileni amancane kakhulu nelula. Umesebenzi ngamunye kufanele ube nencane isulwa — ingulube ye-vicunha ijikeleza umsulwa obukhulu, futhi amagcina amakhulu ayingumphela okumiswa.

Sebenzisa intambo eya emthunzini elula kakhulu — inzuzo ngaphansi kwe-20 grams. Intambo enzima iyaqabela isulwa se-ultrafine. Intambo zase-Andine zomthongolwane zevicunha zincane futhi zisuliswe, imvamise zenzwe ngamathambo noma ikhuni elula kakhulu.

Ingulube ye-vicunha sinsulwa sencane kakhulu emhlabeni — susa nje 3-5 cm ngesinye. Nika ukutshaya okuningi kunokusulwa nokunotshe. Ukutshaya okukhulu kubalulekile ukuze silinganiso umsebenzi omdla. Umsebenzi owungile uzoba cishe njengelunga lesitishi.

Isibhakela sokusulwa i-vicunha ukugcina inzuzo engaguquki phakathi kwamahanda nemoto. Noma yikuphi ukushintsha kudale amaphuzu amakuseni. Lokhu kukhwanyelisa ukuzijwayeza — ukusulwa i-vicunha kucatshangelwa njengosinga oliphezulu kakhulu lomsebenzi wesuwo esandleni.

Qhubekeza nokusulwa konke amagcina. Khumbula: i-gram ngayinye yesulwa imelela umthombo obalulekile futhi owodwa. Buyisela umphela. Izintombazane zase-Andine ezisulela zesinqane zihlulekile i-fiber.

Buuyisela izinambani ezimbili ezisulwe ndawonye ikhompilo ephambene. Umsebenzi obuyisiwe we-vicunha uzoba ulula kodwa amandla okwanosoli. Ibuuyi yaphansi nayo yolungiselela umhlaba, enhlanganisa ithakura lesililo lethambo.

Ngengiselele umsebenzi obuyisiwe emanzini asefakhadeni (25°C) amaminithi 15. Susa nangcono, vuza phakathi kwezandla zivulile futhi susela kungenaphepha ukunomela.

Bhala umsebenzi oma emmasiko amancane. Umuntu wesulu ephelele we-vicunha (200-300 g) kukhiqiza inzuzo 150-200 g yumsebenzi owedlulisile — okunele isikhalasi esincane.

Umsebenzi we-vicunha osulelwe esandleni yisinye sezinto zesulwa esiyabhodlela kakhulu emhlabeni. Isesikhashana kunonotshe, kumvuthela sekwanelo, futhi isikumbuzo somusha wesithili okhuluma amakhasini angamashumi amahlukahlukene angamandla esinqane.

Ingulube ye-vicunha ikhafula kakhulu isikhathi sezigidi — isigcwele amigidi emalithi avulekele kuya kune-6,000 ngongenilo. Ngobuntu be-CITES nokubuyelela kwe-chaccu ephakathini, inani lokuthi ngakwamuva likuthola ngaphezu kwe-350,000. Umsebenzi ngamunye we-vicunha uqonda konke umkhulu wale ndatsheni yokufa kokusele nokuzalwa okwazi.