UBUCIKO
UBUHLE NEMPILO
UBUCIKO BEZANDLA
AMASIKO NOMLANDO
EZOKUZIJABULISA
IMVELO
UKUDLA NEZIPHUZO
REVERSE ENGINEERING
IZAYENSI
EZEMIDLALO
UBUCHWEPHESHE
IZINTO EZIGQOKWAYO
Ethanol 95 %: Wine Distilled, Rectified and Dried over Potash
Strong alcohol is wine distilled again and again. Andrew Ure (1839): simple redistillation over a water bath takes it to a specific gravity of 0.825, still about 11 % water; to go further, distil it over dry carbonate of potash, which holds back water. Stop at 95 % by volume, a hydrometer reading of about 0.81 at 20 °C.
The picture: a copper still over a brick fireplace in the distillery of the Westphalian Open-Air Museum, Hagen.
Osezingeni eliphezulu
Two days
Imiyalelo
1
1
Distil the wine
Distil the wine
Fill the alembic two thirds with wine and distil slowly through the cooled coil. Throw away the first small runnings (our choice). Collect until what comes over no longer tastes of spirit: these are the low wines.
Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:
Iwayini10 amalitha
Amanzi1 as requiredAmathuluzi adingekayo:
I-alembic yethusi
Ugoqo lwe-condenser
Ibhikha Lengilazi
Isicishamlilo2
2
Redistil over a water bath
Redistil over a water bath
Put the low wines in the retort, set it in a pot of water and heat the water, not the retort. Collect the spirit while the vapour stays under about 80 °C. Repeat until the hydrometer reads about 0.825, Ure's limit for plain redistillation.
Amathuluzi adingekayo:
Isitsha sengilazi sokuhluza
Ibhodwe elikhulu (elingezansi, lokugeza ngamanzi)
Ipuleti Elishisayo
Ithemomitha YaselabhorethriUgoqo lwe-condenser
I-hydrometerIsicishamlilo3
3
Dry the potash
Dry the potash
Heat the potassium carbonate in a crucible until it is quite dry and let it cool covered.
Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:
I-potassium carbonate (i-potash)200 gAmathuluzi adingekayo:
Imbiza Yobumba Emelana Nomlilo
Isithando Samalahle4
4
Distil over the potash
Distil over the potash
Stir the dry potash into the spirit in the retort; it takes up water and settles as a heavy lower layer. Distil again from the water bath and check each portion with the hydrometer.
Amathuluzi adingekayo:
Isitsha sengilazi sokuhluzaIbhodwe elikhulu (elingezansi, lokugeza ngamanzi)Ipuleti ElishisayoUgoqo lwe-condenserI-hydrometer
Izibuko Zokuchitheka KwamakhemikhaliIsicishamlilo5
5
Keep it at 95 %
Keep it at 95 %
Keep the portions that read about 0.811 at 20 °C (95 % by volume) and bottle them stoppered; strong alcohol draws water from the air.
Amathuluzi adingekayo:
I-hydrometer
Amabhodlela engilazi anezivimbo6
6
Reading the hydrometer
Reading the hydrometer
Ilayisha incwadi ye-Jupyter…
7
7
Limits
Limits
The redistillation, the 0.825 limit and the potash are Ure's; the quantities, the 80 °C guide and throwing away the first runnings are ours. Densities from Wikipedia. The vapour burns: no open flame near the receiver.
Izinto
3- 10 amalithaIsibambeli
- 1 as requiredIsibambeli
- Isibambeli
Amathuluzi Adingekayo
13- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
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