Ukusebenzisana
UBUCIKO
UBUHLE NEMPILO
UBUCIKO BEZANDLA
AMASIKO NOMLANDO
EZOKUZIJABULISA
IMVELO
UKUDLA NEZIPHUZO
REVERSE ENGINEERING
IZAYENSI
EZEMIDLALO
UBUCHWEPHESHE
IZINTO EZIGQOKWAYO
Furan from Furfural Vapour and Steam over Zinc-Iron Chromite (Whitman, du Pont, US 2,374,149)
Charlie

Yenziwe ngu-

Charlie

31. uMfumfu 2026DE
4
0
0
0
0

Furan from Furfural Vapour and Steam over Zinc-Iron Chromite (Whitman, du Pont, US 2,374,149)

Furfural carries one aldehyde group too many for most uses. Whitman passed its vapour with plenty of steam over a hot mixed zinc-iron chromite; the aldehyde group leaves and furan, a very volatile ring liquid, is caught in cold condensers. Result: furan boiling at 31-32 C, 85 % of the furfural converted. Source: Whitman, US 2,374,149 (du Pont, 1945), Example I. Picture drawn by Youblob.
Osezingeni eliphezulu
1 day

Imiyalelo

1

Pack the catalyst

Fill the reactor tube with zinc-iron chromite pellets, 90 zinc : 10 iron, 3/16 inch. Whitman made it from zinc chloride, 398 g ferrous sulfate and 2170 g ammonium chromate, neutralised with 800 cc of 28 % ammonia, dried at 110 C and ignited 4 hours at 400 C.

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Isivusamandla se-zinc-iron chromiteIsivusamandla se-zinc-iron chromite
Isithando SepayipiIsithando Sepayipi
2

Reduce in hydrogen

Heat the catalyst in a stream of hydrogen at 450 C.

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

I-hydrogenI-hydrogen
Isithando SepayipiIsithando Sepayipi
IthemomithaIthemomitha
3

Pass furfural with steam

At 425 C feed 1 volume of furfural vapour with 5 volumes of steam, space velocity 500.

Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:

I-furfuralI-furfural1 part by volume

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Ibhayela lesitimuIbhayela lesitimu
Isithando SepayipiIsithando Sepayipi
IthemomithaIthemomitha
4

Condense cold

Lead the gases through a condenser at 0 C and then one at -60 C to hold the furan.

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Ugoqo lwe-condenserUgoqo lwe-condenser
Isixhaphi esibandayoIsixhaphi esibandayo
5

Strip, dry and fractionate

Strip the furan off below 70 C, dry it over calcium chloride and take the fraction boiling at 31-32 C. Conversion: 85 %.

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

I-calcium chlorideI-calcium chloride
Isicwengi esahlukanisayoIsicwengi esahlukanisayo
IthemomithaIthemomitha

Izinto

1
  • 3
    I-furfural
    1 part by volume
    Isibambeli

Amathuluzi Adingekayo

9

Le blueprint yenza

Thumbnail
Isibambeli

I-furan

Free

10
0

Ama-blueprint ahlobene

Lama-blueprint abelana ngolwazi — amasu, izinto noma izimiso

Furfural from Oat Hulls Steamed with Sulfuric Acid in a Rotary Digester (Miner and Brownlee, Quaker Oats, US 1,735,084)
Yingozi

Furfural from Oat Hulls Steamed with Sulfuric Acid in a Rotary Digester (Miner and Brownlee, Quaker Oats, US 1,735,084)

ngu-CharlieDE

Organic

8
0
0
0
0
0

CC0 Isizinda Somphakathi

Le blueprint ikhishwe ngaphansi kwe-CC0. Ukhululekile ukukopisha, ukuguqula, ukusabalalisa, nokusebenzisa ngaphandle kwemvume.

Sekela uMenzi ngokuthenga imikhiqizo nge-Blueprint yabo IKhomishane Yomenzi kumiswe ngabathengisi, noma dala inguqulo entsha yale Blueprint bese uyifaka njengoxhumaniso ku-Blueprint yakho ukuze wabelane ngemali engenayo.

Ingxoxo

(0)

Ngena ukuze ujoyine ingxoxo

Kulayishwa amazwana...