Ukuhlokola i-Lac Resin evela ku-Rain Trees — Kusuka ku-Stick Lac kuye ku-Shellac

Isikhwalela sac (Kerria lacca) yisikhwalela esincane, cishe 1-2 mm ubude, esibambe izalindle zesihlahla futhi sikhiphe ikhoti yeresin yokukhusela. Isifazane esinye sikhiqiza cishe 300 amahlandela womzimba waso endlunkulu yeresin. Le resin yindlela oyitholayo yokwenza i-shellac, i-lac dye, kanye ne-lacquerware yesiko.

Izinambuzane ze-lac zisondela emitshini eminingi e-Cambodia. Izinhlanu ezivamile kakhulu yindluluze yemvula (Samanea saman), indluluze ye-ber (Ziziphus mauritiana), kanye nendluluze ye-kusum (Schleichera oleosa). Buza amagatsha akhonjisiwe ngokuquleka okukhanyi okumunandi. Ukuquleka okukhanyi yindluluze eyozondiswile enikezelwe yizinambuzane ze-lac ezingizikhulu.

Izinambuzane ze-Lac zinezizukulwane ezimbili ngonyaka ezikhimini ezifudumele: izizukulwane zesikhathi sokunakalisa (June-October) nezizukulwane zesikhathi omile (October-March). Qoqa uma i-resin ifile kodwa ngaphambi kokuba izinambuzane ezintsha zokukhula ziphume. I-resin ilungile uma iyanda futhi iluhlaza linzuzo linzuzo lokuhlaza, cishe izinyanga ezi-6 ngemuva kokuze kwenziwe i-inoculation.

Ngaphambi kokukhipha, thola amagatsha lapho izinambuzane ezincane zisakhula khona. Shiya cishe 25-30% yamagatsha anobubhidibhidi angaziphazamisizwa njenge-brood lac. Lezi zizobulasa ama-crawler azobuyisela umkaka emthini kuwebha olulandelayo. Ukukhipha okusemthethweni kuvumelana nokuqhubeka nokukhiqiza iminyaka eminingi.

Usebenzisa izici zokukata noma intambo enomsila, sika amagatsha aqoshwe kakhulu nge-resin ye-lac. Sika endaweni engezansi kancane kwinxalenye eqoshwe. Umkhiqizo omoshakadde kule nkathi ubizwa ngokuthi stick lac ngoba i-resin isafakwa kumagatsha.

Sebenzisa ukhasi olunot sharp noma i-scraper elinganiselwe ukuphakamisela i-lac resin elukhuni olwenziwe. I-resin iyavela ngezingcezu ezingejwayelekile kanye nezingcezu. Hlanganya into enhlanzeko. Kusuka ku-5 kg ye-stick lac branches, kulindeleke okungaba 1-2 kg ye-scraped raw lac.

Bhidliza ilakhi elinesigcawu sele ngezandla ezincane ngokusebenzisa umkhiwo wezinkuni noma ilanga kanye nesilobane. Phakamisa kuze kube ngobukhulu obufanayo nebhindu. Izingcezu ezincane kulokhu zishona kahle kunalokho esinyathelweni esilandelayo. Busa izingcezu zezinkuni noma izibhakela ezingenile kuzo ziphume.

Beka i-lac eyenziwe iyisikisiki esitungeni esikhulu samanzi abanda. Shakela futhi ubhakubhakele ngesandla sakho. Amanzi atshintsha abe bomvu obomvu njengoba i-lac dye (laccaic acid) isusulwa. Le dye ebomvu ibincekeliswa kakhulu ngomlando ekuboyeni isilika nesiwooli. Susa amanzi abomvu futhi ubagcine uma ufuna i-lac dye. Phinda ugeze izikhathi ezi-3-4 kuze kube amanzi ashona kunye ngebala eliphansi.

Ngemva kokugeza umlambo, izinto ezisele ziqukethe amaresin amaxubene nemithi yesinambuzane, umhlabathi, nezigxobo zesihlahla. Sakaza i-lac omile phezu kwendawo eyisicaba bese ukhipha izinto ezibonakalayo. Izigxobo ze-resin zingabonakala njenge-amber kuya ku-dark red. Insengane yesinambuzane nomsihlahla azibonakale.

Sandisa i-lac enohlwazisiwe ngesigaba esithanini phezu kwe-mesh screen noma utsho emthunzini. Ungalomi ngokusanda okungqondile njengoba umushini okunzima ungahlangana ngokungafanele resin. Umiliso kuthatha izinsuku ezi-2-3. Umkhiqizo owomiwe kulesi sigaba ubizwa ngokuthi seed lac. Ufana nezihloko ezitsha, ezingalingani nombala we-amber.

Dula i-seed lac eyomisiwe ngo-coarse sieve ukuze kususuwe izingcebi zezigodo esele nezinto ezinkulu ezenzi. Ngemva kwalokho dula nge-finer sieve ukuze kuhlukaniswe ngobukhulu beparticle. I-seed lac enhle ifanana ngobukhulu futhi ingombala ye-amber kuye ku-garnet.

Kala i-seed lac yokugcina. Kusuka ku-5 kg yamacempe e-stick lac, kulindeleke cishe u-500-800 g ye-seed lac. I-seed lac yekhwaliti eliphezulu iyabonakala ngokucacile, ingenayo izinkuni neziswa, futhi ayithathelwa kalula ku-ethanol eyeyindlela. Okumnandi okusikolo, okuphansi igredi. Izigaba ezingashisa ephakathi kunazo zonke ziyethengiswa ngexabiso eliphezulu.

Londoloza i-seed lac ezigcwagcweni ezivaliwe kuhle endaweni efihlakele, emnyama. I-seed lac ine-shelf life ende kodwa iswela kancane uma kudlula isikhathi njengoba ipolimerise. Sebenzisa phakathi kwe-1-2 ngonyaka ukuze ube nomphumela omuhle. I-seed lac iyadiliza kwa-alcohol enenyathelo ukuze wenze i-liquid shellac yokugcina ikhuni, noma ingashisa ilulama ibe yiziphesheni ze-shellac.