Hinged-Beater Swivel Dasher: Beaters That Tilt Rising and Lie Flat Falling

"When the dasher is operated in cream, the upward movement thereof will throw the beaters b, b, into the inclined position represented in Fig. 2, by which they will impart a rotary movement to the dasher, and thereby cause the vertical faces of the wings d, d, to aid in efficiently acting upon and agitating the cream during their upward movement; and when the dasher is forced downward, the beaters b, b, will be thrown into a horizontal position."

Print the head: a block with four radial wings and four recesses, each with a pin hole across its top. Print four beaters with their hinge eyes, and the swivel. Print in PETG at 0.2 mm layers, 30 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.

Set each beater's eye in its recess and push a 2 mm stainless pin (a cut nail will do) through the head and eye, so the beater swings freely between hanging at 40–45° and lying flat against the recess's top.

Glue a 12 mm hardwood dowel into the head as the lower rod. Join a second dowel to it with the swivel: glue the upper dowel into the swivel's top socket and let the lower dowel turn freely in its bottom socket, held by a small screw in a groove. Drill a bucket lid for the rod.

Let the heavy cream stand until it reaches about 15 °C, checked with the thermometer. Pour in 2 litres. Work the upper rod up and down; the lower part should turn a little on each up-stroke. Time until the butter comes. Pour off the buttermilk, add cold water, churn a little and pour off again until it runs clear; work in a pinch of salt and weigh the butter.

**Isaac D. Garlick** of Lyons, Wayne County, New York, received US 7,118, dated 26 February 1850, signed 19 December 1849. His churn was a staved upright tub; the rod's upper part could be worked by hand or by machinery; the beaters were metal, hung by a rod through eyes "or a continuous beading on one edge." He claimed hinging the beaters so they are thrown inclined by the upward and horizontal by the downward movement, combined with the vertical-faced wings on the same rod. **Honest limits.** Printed beaters and head stand in for his metal beaters and wooden rod; a bucket for his tub. FDM prints hold food in their layer lines, so wash well and replace when worn. Your times and weights are the result.