Ukusebenzisana
UBUCIKO
UBUHLE NEMPILO
UBUCIKO BEZANDLA
AMASIKO NOMLANDO
EZOKUZIJABULISA
IMVELO
UKUDLA NEZIPHUZO
REVERSE ENGINEERING
IZAYENSI
EZEMIDLALO
UBUCHWEPHESHE
IZINTO EZIGQOKWAYO
Iron Ball Mill: Grüson Drum with a Stepped Die Ring and Two Screens (Richards, 1903)
The Grüson ball mill: a drum turning on a horizontal axis, charged with chilled iron or steel balls of mixed sizes. The balls grind the ore against each other and against a stepped die ring. The ground ore passes out through a coarse and a fine screen; the oversize is carried back in.
Result: a mill for fine grinding of cement, fertiliser, clay and soft ores, wet or dry. Sizes from 0.66 m to 1.83 m across.
Source: R. H. Richards, Ore Dressing, vol. I (1903), § 225, Figs. 172a-b and Table 149. Unknown: dimensions beyond the table, and the materials of the side plates, screens and shaft. Picture: Richards, Figs. 172a-b.
Osezingeni eliphezulu
Unknown
Imiyalelo
1
1
Make the drum and the die ring
Make the drum and the die ring
The drum is two side plates (b) joined round the edge by the die ring (a). The die ring is five perforated, spiral plates of chilled iron. Each plate laps the next, so they form steps: the balls drop from one step to the next, and the space under each step lets the oversize from the screens back in. Not given: the side-plate material, sizes, hole sizes.
Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:
Izinto zensimbi ethelwayo5 die plates, chilled iron
Okokwakha okungaziwa2 side platesAmathuluzi adingekayo:
Izilinganiso ezingaziwa
Isipanela esilungisekayo2
2
Put the two screens round it
Put the two screens round it
Outside the die ring, fit a coarse perforated screen (c) to take the wear. It is in five parts with spaces between them and has back-deflecting holes (g). Outside that, fit a fine gauze screen (d). At the end of each section of fine screen, fix a deflector or shovel (f). As the drum turns, it carries the oversize up and back into the grinding space. Not given: the screens' metal and mesh.
Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:
Ipuleti lesihlungo elinezimbobo1 coarse screen, 5 parts
Indwangu yensimbi elukiwe yesihlungo1 fine screenOkokwakha okungaziwa5 deflectorsAmathuluzi adingekayo:
Izilinganiso ezingaziwaIsipanela esilungisekayo3
3
Mount and house it
Mount and house it
Carry the drum on a horizontal shaft in two bearings; the figures show them on masonry piers. Enclose the drum in a plate iron housing with a discharge spout (e) below, a feed hopper (h) at one end, a manhole (i) and a dust pipe (k) on top. Ours: steel sheet for the plate iron.
Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:
Ishafu yensimbi1 mill shaft
Ibhulokhi yebhere2 izicucu
Ishidi Lensimbi Ethambile1 housing, spout, hopperAmathuluzi adingekayo:
Isipanela esilungisekayoIzilinganiso ezingaziwa4
4
Fit the drive
Fit the drive
Drive the mill by gear and pinion. In the figure, the gear is on the mill shaft and the pinion on a countershaft that carries tight and loose pulleys. A belt from the line shaft runs on the pulleys: on the tight pulley the mill turns, on the loose pulley it stops.
Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:
Isondo elikhulu lamazinyo1 on the mill shaft
Iphiniyoni1 ucezuIshafu yensimbi1 countershaftIbhulokhi yebhere2 izicucu
Iphuli eboshiwe neyixegayo1 ucezuAmathuluzi adingekayo:
Ibhande lokushayelaIsipanela esilungisekayo5
5
Charge the balls (size sets the charge)
Charge the balls (size sets the charge)
Load chilled iron or steel balls in mixed sizes; mixed sizes grind better than one size. Size is the variable: No. 0 (0.660 m drum, 45 rev/min) takes 15 kg of 40 mm and 45 kg of 80 mm balls, 60 kg in all. No. 2 (1.330 m, 30 rev/min) takes 100 kg each of 100, 115 and 125 mm, 300 kg. No. 4 (1.830 m, 25 rev/min) takes 217 kg each of the same three sizes, 650 kg. The bigger the drum, the slower it turns and the heavier its charge.
Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:
Izinto zokugaya (amabhola ensimbi)300 kg for No. 2; 60 kg No. 0, 650 kg No. 4Amathuluzi adingekayo:
Isikali sepulatifomu sezimboni6
6
Grind
Grind
Feed the ore, egg-size, through the hopper and run the mill wet or dry. Power, and output per 24 hours: No. 0 takes 1/4 horse power and grinds 1,680 kg of copper ore to 15 mesh, or 840 kg of chrome iron ore to 130 mesh. No. 2 takes 2 1/2 to 3 horse power: 14,400 kg of brick bats to 20 mesh, or 1,920 kg of emery to 200 mesh. No. 4 takes 9 to 11 horse power: 12,720 kg of gold ores to 40 mesh, or 10,800 kg of chrome iron ore to 130 mesh. Wear: 1,345 kg of balls for 102,400 barrels of cement, about 0.139 lb a ton. The end plates last 18 months. Hard quartz ores wear the balls too much.
Amathuluzi adingekayo:
Ibhande lokushayela
AmanziIzinto
11- 5 die plates, chilled ironIsibambeli
- 5 deflectorsIsibambeli
- 1 coarse screen, 5 partsIsibambeli
- 1 fine screenIsibambeli
- 1 countershaftIsibambeli
- 2 izicucuIsibambeli
- 1 housing, spout, hopperIsibambeli
- 1 on the mill shaftIsibambeli
- 1 ucezuIsibambeli
- 1 ucezuIsibambeli
- 300 kg for No. 2; 60 kg No. 0, 650 kg No. 4Isibambeli
Izinto Zokwakha Ze-Blueprint Exhunyiwe
10% Ukwabiwa
Chilled Plow
ngu-Forge
Umsebenzi Wensimbi
49
0
0
0
1
0
10% Ukwabiwa
Casting Iron in a Cupola Furnace — Re-Melting Pig Iron into Finished Castings
ngu-Piett
Umsebenzi Wensimbi
52
0
0
0
6
0
10% Ukwabiwa
Woven Wire Screen Cloth on a Power Loom, 4 to 80 Wires per Inch (Bigelow, US 18,320, 1857)
ngu-Charlie
Kwezimboni
3
0
0
0
1
0
Le blueprint yenza
Ama-blueprint ahlobene
Lama-blueprint abelana ngolwazi — amasu, izinto noma izimiso
CC0 Isizinda Somphakathi
Le blueprint ikhishwe ngaphansi kwe-CC0. Ukhululekile ukukopisha, ukuguqula, ukusabalalisa, nokusebenzisa ngaphandle kwemvume.
Sekela uMenzi ngokuthenga imikhiqizo nge-Blueprint yabo IKhomishane Yomenzi kumiswe ngabathengisi, noma dala inguqulo entsha yale Blueprint bese uyifaka njengoxhumaniso ku-Blueprint yakho ukuze wabelane ngemali engenayo.