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Nichrome Wire: Nickel and Chromium Fused, Drawn and Annealed
Albert L. Marsh · Public domain (expired patent)
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18. uMfumfu 2026NO
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Nichrome Wire: Nickel and Chromium Fused, Drawn and Annealed

Nichrome is the heating wire of toasters and irons. Albert Marsh patented it in 1906: nickel with less than 25 % chromium, drawn into wire and annealed, with about fifty times the resistance of copper and great resistance to oxidation when hot. Iron, he wrote, will not do. Elwood Haynes (1907) fused pure, carbon-free nickel and chromium in a magnesia crucible under an oxyhydrogen flame. White heat: face shield and gloves. The picture: Marsh's patent drawing, a rheostat wound with the alloy (US 811,859).
Osezingeni eliphezulu
3 days

Imiyalelo

1

Weigh 85 nickel to 15 chromium

Cut 85 g of nickel sheet into small pieces and weigh 15 g of chromium: Marsh's own example. Both must be pure and free of carbon.

Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:

Ishidi le-nickelIshidi le-nickel85 g
Insimbi Ye-ChromiumInsimbi Ye-Chromium15 g

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Isikelo sensimbiIsikelo sensimbi
Isikali sesilinganisoIsikali sesilinganiso
2

Fuse under the oxyhydrogen flame

Put the metals in a magnesia crucible, set it in a furnace lined with magnesia, and heat it with the oxyhydrogen blowpipe until both have melted together.

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Isitsha Se-MagnesiaIsitsha Se-Magnesia
I-oksayidi ye-magnesiumI-oksayidi ye-magnesium
Ipayipi Le-OxyhydrogenIpayipi Le-Oxyhydrogen
Udlawu Lwesitsha SokuncibilikisaUdlawu Lwesitsha Sokuncibilikisa
Isivikelo SobusoIsivikelo Sobuso
Amagilavu EsikhumbaAmagilavu Esikhumba
3

Cast a rod

Pour the alloy into a narrow mould to get a rod that will start in the largest hole of the drawplate.

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Isikhunta sokuthela insimbiIsikhunta sokuthela insimbi
Udlawu Lwesitsha SokuncibilikisaUdlawu Lwesitsha Sokuncibilikisa
Isivikelo SobusoIsivikelo Sobuso
Amagilavu EsikhumbaAmagilavu Esikhumba
4

Draw and anneal

Draw the rod down through the drawplate one hole at a time, as in the drawplate blueprint, and anneal it in the furnace whenever it gets hard. Marsh gives no annealing temperature. Stop at 0.41 mm (0.016 in).

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Ipuleti lokudonsa ucingo lensimbiIpuleti lokudonsa ucingo lensimbi
Udlawu lokudonsaUdlawu lokudonsa
Isithambisi sokudonsa ucingoIsithambisi sokudonsa ucingo
Isithando SamalahleIsithando Samalahle
I-MicrometerI-Micrometer
Amagilavu EsikhumbaAmagilavu Esikhumba
5

Check the resistance

Measure one metre with the multimeter. Marsh's 15 % wire of this size measured about 2.3 ohms per foot, which is 7.5 ohms per metre.

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Isilinganisi sikagesi esiyinhlanganiselaIsilinganisi sikagesi esiyinhlanganisela

Izinto

2

Amathuluzi Adingekayo

15

Le blueprint yenza

Thumbnail
Isibambeli

Ucingo lwe-nichrome

Free

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Ama-blueprint ahlobene

Lama-blueprint abelana ngolwazi — amasu, izinto noma izimiso

Drawing Wire with a Drawplate

Drawing Wire with a Drawplate

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Umsebenzi Wensimbi

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CC0 Isizinda Somphakathi

Le blueprint ikhishwe ngaphansi kwe-CC0. Ukhululekile ukukopisha, ukuguqula, ukusabalalisa, nokusebenzisa ngaphandle kwemvume.

Sekela uMenzi ngokuthenga imikhiqizo nge-Blueprint yabo IKhomishane Yomenzi kumiswe ngabathengisi, noma dala inguqulo entsha yale Blueprint bese uyifaka njengoxhumaniso ku-Blueprint yakho ukuze wabelane ngemali engenayo.

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