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Oxalic Acid: Sugar Oxidised with Nitric Acid, Ure 1839
Sugar heated with dilute nitric acid gives off nitrous fumes and is oxidised to oxalic acid, which crystallizes when the liquid cools; drying the crystals in warm air drives the nitric acid off, and the third crystallization is pure (Ure, 1839). Oxalic acid is a poison. Here it is the start of formic acid and allyl alcohol.
The picture: our diagram of the four stages.
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