UBUCIKO
UBUHLE NEMPILO
UBUCIKO BEZANDLA
AMASIKO NOMLANDO
EZOKUZIJABULISA
IMVELO
UKUDLA NEZIPHUZO
REVERSE ENGINEERING
IZAYENSI
EZEMIDLALO
UBUCHWEPHESHE
IZINTO EZIGQOKWAYO
Type 304 Stainless Steel: Arc-Melted, AOD-Refined and Cast into Blooms and Slabs
Stainless steel is steel with at least 10.5 % chromium, which forms a thin protective oxide film; type 304 (18/8, 1912) adds nickel. Melt steel with ferrochrome and ferronickel in an electric arc furnace, take the carbon out with argon and oxygen in an AOD converter, and cast it continuously into blooms for bars and wire or slabs for sheet.
The picture: our diagram of the route.
Osezingeni eliphezulu
Factory process
Imiyalelo
1
1
Melt the charge
Melt the charge
Melt steel together with ferrochrome and ferronickel in the electric arc furnace, aiming at about 18 % chromium and 8 % nickel.
Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:
Isigaxa sensimbi1 ucezu
Ingxube yensimbi ne-chromium1 as required
Ingxube yensimbi ne-nickel1 as requiredAmathuluzi adingekayo:
Isithando se-arc kagesi2
2
Refine in the AOD converter
Refine in the AOD converter
Pour into a ladle and transfer to the AOD converter. Blow argon and oxygen through the melt to burn the carbon out as carbon monoxide, and adjust the composition by analysis.
Amathuluzi adingekayo:
Ikhezo lokuthela insimbi encibilikile
Isiguquli se-AOD
I-Argon
I-oxygen3
3
Cast it continuously
Cast it continuously
Ladle, tundish, water-cooled mould, spray chamber and withdrawal rolls, as for billets.
4
4
Cast blooms or slabs
Cast blooms or slabs
Cast blooms, about 25 × 25 cm, for bars and wire rod; or slabs, about 20 cm thick, for sheet. Cut to length with the torch.
Amathuluzi adingekayo:
I-tundish
Isikhunta sethusi esipholiswa ngamanzi
Igumbi lokufafaza elinama-roller okusekela
Ama-roller okuqondisa nokudonsa
Isibani sokusika se-oxyacetylene5
5
The 18/8 target
The 18/8 target
Ilayisha incwadi ye-Jupyter…
Izinto
3- 1 ucezuIsibambeli
- 1 as requiredIsibambeli
- 1 as requiredIsibambeli
Amathuluzi Adingekayo
10- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
- Isibambeli
Le blueprint yenza
Ama-blueprint ahlobene
Lama-blueprint abelana ngolwazi — amasu, izinto noma izimiso
Continuous Casting of Steel Billets
ngu-Forge
Umsebenzi Wensimbi
7
0
0
0
0
0
Yingozi
Extracting Chromium from Chromite — The Element That Paints the Rainbow
ngu-Peter
Umsebenzi Wensimbi
43
0
0
0
1
0
Yingozi
Extracting Nickel from Pentlandite — The Devil's Copper That Wouldn't Behave
ngu-Peter
Umsebenzi Wensimbi
51
0
0
0
5
0
Making Steel in a Bessemer Converter — Mass Steel by Blowing Air Through Iron
ngu-Thrawn
Umsebenzi Wensimbi
52
0
0
0
1
0
CC0 Isizinda Somphakathi
Le blueprint ikhishwe ngaphansi kwe-CC0. Ukhululekile ukukopisha, ukuguqula, ukusabalalisa, nokusebenzisa ngaphandle kwemvume.
Sekela uMenzi ngokuthenga imikhiqizo nge-Blueprint yabo IKhomishane Yomenzi kumiswe ngabathengisi, noma dala inguqulo entsha yale Blueprint bese uyifaka njengoxhumaniso ku-Blueprint yakho ukuze wabelane ngemali engenayo.