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Purifying Water with a Natural Filter — Charcoal, Sand & Gravel
Karen

Yenziwe ngu-

Karen

19. uNdasa 2026SE
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Purifying Water with a Natural Filter — Charcoal, Sand & Gravel

Build a three-layer water filter from charcoal, sand, and gravel. Important: always boil filtered water for 1 minute — filtration alone does not kill all pathogens.
Oqalayo
30-45 minutes

Imiyalelo

1

Filter Layer Diagram

Water flows top to bottom through three layers: charcoal (chemical filtration) → sand (physical filtration) → gravel (structural support). Always boil after filtering.

Flow

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2

Make Charcoal

Burn hardwood until fully black. Smother with sand to stop combustion. Cool, then crush to pea-sized pieces. ~2 cups needed.

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Isivuthi somliloIsivuthi somlilo
Ummese wemisebenziUmmese wemisebenzi
3

Assemble Filter

Container (bark cone, hollow log, or cut bottle). Grass plug at drain. Layer: 5-8cm gravel, 8-10cm sand, 5-8cm charcoal, thin gravel cap on top.

Umklamo

Cross-section: labeled layers with measurements

Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:

IsitshaIsitsha1 ucezu
Isithungu sokuvuthela umliloIsithungu sokuvuthela umlilo1 isandla esigcwele
UgadeUgade2 izinkomishi
Isihlabathi EsicolekileIsihlabathi Esicolekile3 izinkomishi
Amalahle AchotshoziweAmalahle Achotshoziwe2 izinkomishi
4

Filter & Boil

Pour water slowly. Discard first dark batch (charcoal dust). By third pass, water runs clear. ALWAYS boil 1 minute before drinking.

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Isivuthi somliloIsivuthi somlilo

Izinto

7

Amathuluzi Adingekayo

4

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