Ukuqonda i-Uranium evela ku-Uraninite — Isakhi Esashintsha Konke

I-Uranium (U, isakhi 92) yisakhi esisinda kakhulu esitholakala ngokwemvelo ngobuningi obuphawulekayo, futhi yisakhi esaletha inkathi yenuzi. UMartin Heinrich Klaproth — usokhemisi ofanayo owaqamba i-titanium — wathola i-uranium ngo-1789 ngokuhlaziya i-pitchblende (i-uraninite, UO₂) evela ezimayini zesiliva zaseJoachimsthal eBohemia. Wayiqamba ngeplanethi i-Uranus, eyayitholwe uWilliam Herschel eminyakeni eyisishiyagalombili nje ngaphambili.

Iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu ngemuva kokutholwa kwayo, i-uranium yayiyinto yesimanga sekhemikhali ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa okubalulekile ngaphandle kokufaka umbala engilazini nasebumbeni — oluhlaza-okuphuzi olukhanyayo. Konke kwashintsha ngo-1896 lapho uHenri Becquerel ethola ukuthi usawoti we-uranium ukhipha imisebe engena ngokwawo — ukutholwa kwe-radioactivity. Lokhu kwaholela ekuhlukaniseni kukaMarie noPierre Curie i-radium ne-polonium ensimbini ye-uranium, ekutholeni kukaRutherford i-nucleus ye-athomu, futhi ekugcineni ku-nuclear fission (uHahn noStrassmann, 1938) nebhomu le-athomu.

I-Uraninite (UO₂, i-uranium dioxide) iyiminerali eyinhloko ye-uranium, equkethe i-uranium efika ku-88.1% ngesisindo. Itholakala emithanjeni ye-hydrothermal, ku-granitic pegmatites, nasezindaweni ze-sedimentary (i-uranium esetshenzini lwesihlabathi). I-Uraninite i-radioactive futhi kufanele iphathwe ngokuqapha okufanele.

INGOZI ENKULU KAKHULU — I-RADIOACTIVE NOBUTHI: I-Uranium iwubuthi bekhemikhali (insimbi esindayo, ilimaza izinso) kanye nengozi ye-radioactive. I-Uraninite ikhipha izinhlayiya ze-alpha, izinhlayiya ze-beta, nemisebe ye-gamma evela ku-uranium nasochungechungeni lwayo lokubola (i-radium, igesi ye-radon, i-polonium). Ukuphatha i-uraninite kudinga ukuqapha imisebe, ukuvikelwa kokuphefumula (ukuvimbela ukuhogela i-radon nothuli lwe-uranium), nokulandela imithetho yezinto zenuzi endaweni yakho. Le blueprint ingeyokufunda kuphela — ungazami ukukhipha i-uranium.