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Water Glass: Ground Flints Boiled in Caustic Soda Lye, Ure 1839
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Water Glass: Ground Flints Boiled in Caustic Soda Lye, Ure 1839

Water glass is silica dissolved in caustic soda: a thick, syrupy liquid that sets to silica gel when acidified. Andrew Ure (1839): boil ground flints in strong caustic lye until the liquor is nearly twice as heavy as water. Hot caustic lye burns skin and eyes: goggles and gloves. The picture: our diagram of the boil and the hydrometer check.
Ophakathi
Two days

Imiyalelo

1

Grind the flints

Break flint nodules small with a sledge, grind them to a powder and sift it (ours).

Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:

Igabade Letshe LomliloIgabade Letshe Lomlilo1 kg

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Isando esikhuluIsando esikhulu
Isigqulo NomgquloIsigqulo Nomgqulo
Isisefo Senetha EcolekileIsisefo Senetha Ecolekile
Isikali sesilinganisoIsikali sesilinganiso
Imaski YothuliImaski Yothuli
Izibuko zokuphephaIzibuko zokuphepha
2

Boil in lye

Boil the flint powder in strong caustic soda lye in an iron cauldron, stirring, topping up with water as it boils away.

Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:

I-caustic soda (i-sodium hydroxide)I-caustic soda (i-sodium hydroxide)2 amalitha

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Ibhodwe elikhulu lensimbi ebunjiweIbhodwe elikhulu lensimbi ebunjiwe
IzinkuniIzinkuni
Isigwedlo sokhuniIsigwedlo sokhuni
AmanziAmanzi
Izibuko Zokuchitheka KwamakhemikhaliIzibuko Zokuchitheka Kwamakhemikhali
Amagilavu erabhaAmagilavu erabha
3

Boil to strength

Keep boiling until a cooled sample reads close to 2 on the hydrometer, nearly twice as heavy as water.

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

I-hydrometerI-hydrometer
Ibhodwe elikhulu lensimbi ebunjiweIbhodwe elikhulu lensimbi ebunjiwe
Izibuko Zokuchitheka KwamakhemikhaliIzibuko Zokuchitheka Kwamakhemikhali
Amagilavu erabhaAmagilavu erabha
4

Strain and store

Let it settle, strain the syrupy liquor through cloth from the undissolved grit, and keep it in a closed jar.

Amathuluzi adingekayo:

Indwangu (Yokuhluza)Indwangu (Yokuhluza)
Ijeke LengilaziIjeke Lengilazi
Izibuko Zokuchitheka KwamakhemikhaliIzibuko Zokuchitheka Kwamakhemikhali
Amagilavu erabhaAmagilavu erabha
5

What it holds

Ilayisha incwadi ye-Jupyter…

Izinto

2

Amathuluzi Adingekayo

15

Le blueprint yenza

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Isibambeli

Ingilazi yamanzi (isisombululo se-sodium silicate)

Free

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Sodium Hydroxide by Causticizing Soda Ash with Slaked Lime

Sodium Hydroxide by Causticizing Soda Ash with Slaked Lime

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Amakhemikhali

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