Ukusebenzisana
UBUCIKO
UBUHLE NEMPILO
UBUCIKO BEZANDLA
AMASIKO NOMLANDO
EZOKUZIJABULISA
IMVELO
UKUDLA NEZIPHUZO
REVERSE ENGINEERING
IZAYENSI
EZEMIDLALO
UBUCHWEPHESHE
IZINTO EZIGQOKWAYO
Funnel-Tube Atmospheric Churn: Trailing Funnels on a Fast Cross Draw Air Down Slanting Tubes Into the Cream
Loren J. Wicks of Racine, Wisconsin, received US 23,208, dated 8 March 1859, for an atmospheric churn. A crank turns a wheel cogged on its side, which spins an upright shaft fast. Near its foot the shaft carries a cross with a funnel on each arm, mouth trailing; four slanting tubes run from the funnels up to the shaft near its top. As the funnels draw away from the cream, air is sucked down the tubes and bubbles up through it. The top has gauze-covered openings for air and for watching the cream.
This rung builds it in a square food container with printed gears and cross.
Osezingeni eliphezulu
About 6 hours, plus printing
Imiyalelo
1
1
Speeds at the tubes' two ends
Speeds at the tubes' two ends
Ilayisha incwadi ye-Jupyter…
2
2
Air into the cream, before it
Air into the cream, before it
Bump pumped air in with a hollow dasher. Wicks lets turning funnels draw it in with no valve.
3
3
Read US 23,208
Read US 23,208
"As the funnels recede from the cream or milk a vacuum is produced in the tubes j, j, j, j, and the external air rushes in immediately at the tops of the tubes and is conveyed through them to the bottom of the churn, where it escapes and rises through the cream to the top of the churn again."
4
4
Print the cross i
Print the cross i
The cross with four slanting tube sockets and the funnels k on the arms' sides. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 40 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.
5
5
Print the collar
Print the collar
The collar that holds the tubes' tops round the shaft. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 40 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.
6
6
Print the socket
Print the socket
The foot bearing for shaft G. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 40 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.
7
7
Print the pinion F
Print the pinion F
The 12-tooth pinion for the top of shaft G. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 40 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.
8
8
Print the wheel E
Print the wheel E
The 204 mm wheel with 60 teeth on its side. Print it flat, teeth up. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 40 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.
9
9
Body A and the ventilating top
Body A and the ventilating top
Use a square food-grade container about 300 x 300 x 320 mm. Cut a 12 mm plywood top 320 mm square with a 13 mm hole in the middle and two openings 70 x 80 mm beside it; staple wire mesh over the openings (gauze D) and screw two hardwood cleats underneath so the top sits square on the rim. Screw the socket to the middle of the container's floor with an M4 screw and lock nut.
Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:
Isitsha sokugcina sezinga lokudla1 ucezu
Ishidi le-plywood1 ucezu
Inetha yocingo1 ucezu
Ipulangwe Lokhuni Oluqinile1 ucezu
Izikulufu zokhuni8 izicucu
Izikulufu zomshini1 ucezu
Inati Yokukhiya Enenayiloni1 ucezu
Ifilamenti ye-PETG1 ucezuAmathuluzi adingekayo:
Iphrinta ye-3D yentambo (i-FDM)
Isaha Le-jigsaw
Ibhola Elingenantambo
Iqoqo Lamakhanda Ebhola
Isikeli sensimbi
Isethi yezikulufudrayiva
Ithephu Lokulinganisa10
10
Shaft G, cross, tubes and collar
Shaft G, cross, tubes and collar
Cut a 12 mm stainless rod 373 mm long for shaft G. Fix the cross on it 20 mm above its foot and the collar 258 mm above its foot, each with an M4 screw across. Cut four 10 mm stainless tubes about 250 mm long, deburr them, and push each into its cross socket and up into the collar. Check that every funnel mouth points the same way round: they must trail as the shaft turns.
Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:
Insimbi engagqwali eyindukwana1 ucezu
Ishubhu lensimbi engagqwali1 ucezuIzikulufu zomshini2 izicucuInati Yokukhiya Enenayiloni2 izicucuAmathuluzi adingekayo:
Isaha Sensimbi
Isisiki sepayipi
Izinsimbi zokuhlikihla (ezesandla)Isethi yezikulufudrayiva11
11
Uprights, wheel E and crank S
Uprights, wheel E and crank S
Stand shaft G in its socket, put the top on and fix the pinion on G's top. Screw two hardwood uprights C 44 x 30 x 158 mm to the top, either side of the wheel's place, bored 12.5 mm at 128 mm up. Run a 12 mm stainless rod through them and the wheel's hub as shaft B so the wheel's teeth mesh with the pinion, fix the wheel with an M4 screw, and fix a hardwood crank S 132 mm long with a dowel handle on B's end.
Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:
Ipulangwe Lokhuni Oluqinile1 ucezuIzikulufu zokhuni4 izicucuInsimbi engagqwali eyindukwana1 ucezuIzikulufu zomshini2 izicucuInati Yokukhiya Enenayiloni2 izicucu
Izikhonkwane zokhuni oluqinile1 ucezu
Iglu Lokhuni1 ucezuAmathuluzi adingekayo:
Isaha SesandlaIbhola ElingenantamboIqoqo Lamakhanda EbholaIsaha SensimbiIsethi yezikulufudrayiva12
12
The build in 3D
The build in 3D
FreeCAD model of this build, the near quarter of the container and top cut away: the shaft on its socket with the cross, funnels, slanting tubes and collar, the meshed top with its uprights, wheel E and pinion F, and the crank.
13
13
Churn
Churn
Pour in about 10 litres of heavy cream at about 15 °C, checked with the thermometer, and put the top on. Turn the crank fast the way that makes the funnels trail, and time it; watch through the gauze for bubbles rising. When the butter comes it gathers between the tubes at the bottom. Lift out the top and shaft, pour off the buttermilk, wash the butter in cold water until it runs clear, work in a pinch of salt and weigh it.
Izinto zokwakha zalesi sinyathelo:
Ukhilimu ojiyile10 l
Usawoti Wolwandle Omkhulu1 ucezu
Amanzi1 ucezuAmathuluzi adingekayo:
Ithemomitha enenaliti eshiywa ngaphakathi
Iwashi Lokumisa Isikhathi
Isikali Sedijithali Sasekhishini
Isitsha esikhulu sokuxuba sensimbi engagqwali14
14
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
Atmospheric churn troubleshooting.
Flow
Loading...
15
15
History and honest limits
History and honest limits
**Loren J. Wicks** of Racine, Wisconsin, US 23,208, 8 March 1859, "Churn". He held that the tubes' feet, moving much faster than their tops, upset the balance and draw air in quickly, and that the butter, heavier than the cream, settles between the tubes. He claimed the shaft, slanting tubes, cross pieces and funnels in a square churn with a ventilating top. He gave no sizes or materials, and drew F as a bevel wheel; our pinion is straight-cut, and every size and material is ours.
Izinto
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CC0 Isizinda Somphakathi
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