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Bearing Steel Bar (52100): Crucible Steel Alloyed with Chromium
52100 is the steel of ball bearings: about 1 % carbon and 1.5 % chromium (ASM). The standard, ASTM A295, allows 0.93–1.05 % carbon and 1.35–1.60 % chromium. Here crucible steel is melted with chromium and a little manganese, cast, forged to bar and annealed soft for working.
Our method, not the factory one: factory 52100 is melted in an electric furnace and vacuum-degassed to meet the standard's limits on inclusions. A crucible melt can reach the composition, but only a lab test shows whether it is clean enough for bearings.
The picture: our drawing, crucible to bar.
高级
2 days
说明
1
1
Weigh the charge
Weigh the charge
For 1 kg: 981.5 g crucible steel of about 1 % carbon, 15 g chromium and 3.5 g manganese (our figures; see the last step). Use steel whose analysis you know.
此步骤所需材料：
坩埚钢981.5 克
金属铬15 克
锰3.5 克所需工具：
数字厨房秤2
2
Melt
Melt
Pack the steel, chromium and manganese in a covered clay crucible and melt it in the furnace. The alloy is fully liquid above 1450 °C.
所需工具：
深腹黏土坩埚
砖砌炉
风箱
电焊手套
皮革围裙
安全眼镜3
3
Cast the ingot
Cast the ingot
Lift the crucible out with tongs and pour into a cast-iron ingot mould. Let it cool.
所需工具：
坩埚钳
锭模电焊手套皮革围裙安全眼镜4
4
Forge to bar
Forge to bar
Heat the ingot to a cherry-red heat and no hotter, and draw it out on the anvil to a round or square bar. Reheat when the colour drops; never hammer it cold.
此步骤所需材料：
木炭1 as required所需工具：
铁匠炉
铁砧
大锤
横向楔头锤
铁匠钳
6 英寸数显卡尺电焊手套皮革围裙安全眼镜5
5
Test the analysis
Test the analysis
Drill clean chips from the bar and have a lab analyse carbon, chromium, manganese, silicon, phosphorus and sulphur. Keep the bar only if it is within 52100 limits.
所需工具：
手摇钻
带盖玻璃罐安全眼镜6
6
Anneal soft
Anneal soft
In the oven, hold the bar at 793 °C (1460 °F) for 30 minutes, cool in the oven no faster than 500 °C an hour to 682 °C (1260 °F), then cool in air (Verhoeven's anneal).
所需工具：
热处理炉
带读数的热电偶铁匠钳电焊手套7
7
The charge
The charge
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