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Petroleum Jelly: Vacuum Residue Filtered Warm Through Bone Black
Petroleum jelly (petrolatum, vaseline) is what is left of crude oil after the lighter parts are distilled off, cleaned by filtering it warm through bone black. The 1907 US Dispensatory and Thorpe (1913) describe the process: the first colourless runnings become petroleum jelly, and the later, darker filtrate is cylinder oil.
The picture: white petrolatum (Wikimedia Commons).
高级
Several days
说明
1
1
Distil off the light cuts
Distil off the light cuts
Distil crude oil in an atmospheric column and draw off the lighter cuts. Keep the residue from the bottom.
此步骤所需材料：
原油1 t所需工具：
常压蒸馏塔2
2
Reduce under vacuum
Reduce under vacuum
Distil the residue further under vacuum, heated by coils carrying superheated steam, not by direct fire. Done right, the reduced oil reaches a fire-test of 337.7 °C (640 °F) without any burnt smell.
所需工具：
减压蒸馏塔
真空泵3
3
Filter warm through bone black
Filter warm through bone black
Melt the reduced oil and run it onto steam-jacketed filters of fine, granular, well-dried bone black, kept at 43.3–54.4 °C (110–130 °F).
所需工具：
蒸汽夹套过滤器
骨炭黑颜料
带读数的热电偶4
4
Keep the clear runnings
Keep the clear runnings
The first filtrate is colourless; it then turns straw or lemon, and finally red. Keep the clear runnings for petroleum jelly. The red filtrate is cylinder oil, a lubricant.
所需工具：
蒸汽夹套过滤器
马口铁罐5
5
Set the melting point
Set the melting point
If the jelly is too soft, stir pure block paraffin into the warm oil until it has the right melting point. It dissolves completely. Pour it into tins to set.
此步骤所需材料：
石蜡1 as required所需工具：
带读数的热电偶马口铁罐此蓝图制作
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