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Steel Needle: Pointed, Eyed, Hardened in Oil and Tempered
Needles are made from good steel wire: cut, straightened, pointed, flattened and pierced for the eye, hardened by heating and plunging into oil, then tempered back to a springy hardness, scoured and polished (Bucknall Smith, A Treatise upon Wire, 1891). This is the same sequence by hand, one heavy needle at a time from piano wire; the hand methods and sizes are ours.
The picture: steel sewing needles (Wikimedia Commons).
中级
Half a day
说明
1
1
Cut, soften and straighten
Cut, soften and straighten
Cut 70 mm of 1.2 mm piano wire. Heat it to red in the forge and let it cool slowly in the ashes so it can be filed and drilled, then roll it straight on the anvil.
此步骤所需材料：
钢琴丝70 mm所需工具：
斜口钳
铁匠炉
尖嘴钳
铁砧2
2
Point
Point
Clamp it in the vise and file a long, even taper to a sharp point, turning the wire as you go.
所需工具：
锉刀套装
台虎钳
安全眼镜3
3
Flatten and pierce the eye
Flatten and pierce the eye
Flatten the head end slightly on the anvil, drill the eye through the flat with the finest bit, then file off the burrs and round the head.
所需工具：
铁砧
横向楔头锤
手摇钻锉刀套装台虎钳安全眼镜4
4
Harden in oil
Harden in oil
Heat the needle evenly to red and plunge it into the oil. It is now glass-hard and brittle.
所需工具：
铁匠炉尖嘴钳
油淬火槽安全眼镜5
5
Temper
Temper
Reheat it in the oven to about 600 °F (315 °C) and let it cool slowly to a springy temper. If it came out crooked, straighten it with light blows of a small hammer on the anvil.
所需工具：
热处理炉
带读数的热电偶铁砧横向楔头锤6
6
Scour and polish
Scour and polish
Scour it bright with emery cloth, a little oil and soap. Wash it in hot water, dry it in sawdust, touch up the point, and polish it on the leather strop.
所需工具：
金刚砂布
橄榄油
肥皂
锯末
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