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Bellows-and-Float Atmospheric Churn: Blasts of Air Through a Water-Jointed Pipe, a Float Gathers the Butter
P. S. Devlan (USPTO drawing) · Public domain
Buttercup

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Buttercup

9. nóvember 2026IE
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Bellows-and-Float Atmospheric Churn: Blasts of Air Through a Water-Jointed Pipe, a Float Gathers the Butter

Patrick S. Devlan of Reading, Pennsylvania, received US 24,382, dated 14 June 1859, for a churn worked by blasts of air only. A bellows under the body, worked by a lever, blows up a pipe that opens inside a wider tube; the air goes down between them and out through a perforated disk across the bottom, so it is spread through the whole cream. The cream standing in the tube makes a water joint, so no valves are needed. A perforated float with projections rides up and down on the bubbling cream and gathers the butter as it forms. This rung builds it with a 20-litre bucket on legs and a bellows below.
Miðlungs
About 1 day, plus printing

Leiðbeiningar

1

The water joint

Hleð Jupyter-vinnubók…
2

Air drawn into the cream, before it

Wicks drew air in with turning funnels and a dasher. Devlan blows it in with a bellows and has no dasher at all.
3

Read US 24,382

"... this pipe or tube, C, is open at its upper end, but is entirely surrounded to within a short distance of its base by another tube D, of greater diameter which tube D, is connected at its base to the center of the convex perforated disk d."
4

Print the teat e

The hollow teat for the lid's middle, over tube D's top. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 40 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.
HönnunarskráSTLCC0 - Free
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5

Print the collar

The collar that seals tube D into the disk's middle. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 40 % infill, 4 walls; wash before first use.
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6

Stand and bellows

Cut three legs a from 44 mm square timber 650 mm long and set them 120 degrees apart round a 350 mm circle. Screw a plywood seat ring 400 mm across, with a 60 mm hole, between them 482 mm up to carry the bucket, a band 600 mm up round the bucket, and a plywood shelf 150 mm up for the bellows. Screw a bellows about 260 x 120 mm to the shelf.

Efni fyrir þetta skref:

Mjúkviður 70x70 mmMjúkviður 70x70 mm2 stykki
KrossviðarplataKrossviðarplata2 stykki
TréskrúfurTréskrúfur24 stykki
TrélímTrélím1 stykki
SmiðjubelgurSmiðjubelgur1 stykki

Nauðsynleg verkfæri:

HandsögHandsög
StingsögStingsög
HleðsluborHleðslubor
BorasettBorasett
MálbandMálband
7

Pipe C, tube D and disk d

Drill the middle of the bucket's floor 16.5 mm and seal a 16 mm stainless pipe C through it with silicone so it stands 400 mm up. Drill 24 holes of 4 mm in two rings in a stainless bowl about 260 mm across and a 32.5 mm hole in its middle, and stand it upside down on the floor round the pipe as disk d. Push a 32 mm stainless tube D 360 mm long through the printed collar into the bowl's middle hole, sealed with silicone, so it surrounds pipe C down to 56 mm above the floor. Run silicone tubing from the bellows' nozzle to pipe C's foot under the floor.

Efni fyrir þetta skref:

20 lítra fata20 lítra fata1 stykki
Rör úr ryðfríu stáliRör úr ryðfríu stáli2 stykki
Stór hrærskál úr ryðfríu stáliStór hrærskál úr ryðfríu stáli1 stykki
SílikonþéttiefniSílikonþéttiefni1 stykki
PETG-þráðurPETG-þráður1 stykki
SílíkonslangaSílíkonslanga1 stykki

Nauðsynleg verkfæri:

FDM-þrívíddarprentariFDM-þrívíddarprentari
HleðsluborHleðslubor
BorasettBorasett
GatasagarsettGatasagarsett
RörskeriRörskeri
Þjalir (handþjöl)Þjalir (handþjöl)
8

Lid, float and lever

Cut a 45 mm hole in the middle of the bucket's lid and glue the teat e over it, with its cap f. Cut float G from 15 mm plywood, 250 mm across with a 48 mm hole for tube D and eight 22 mm holes, and glue 10 mm dowel pegs 25 mm long into both faces as the projections g. Bolt a hardwood lever b to the outside of one leg 360 mm up, running up beside the bucket to a handle c above the lid, and join it to the bellows' top board with a hardwood link.

Efni fyrir þetta skref:

PETG-þráðurPETG-þráður1 stykki
TrélímTrélím1 stykki
KrossviðarplataKrossviðarplata1 stykki
HarðviðartapparHarðviðartappar1 stykki
HarðviðarborðHarðviðarborð2 stykki
SexkantboltaúrvalSexkantboltaúrval3 stykki
Flöt skinnaFlöt skinna6 stykki
Læsiró með nælonhringLæsiró með nælonhring3 stykki

Nauðsynleg verkfæri:

GatasagarsettGatasagarsett
StingsögStingsög
HleðsluborHleðslubor
BorasettBorasett
HandsögHandsög
SandpappírSandpappír
SkiptilykillSkiptilykill
9

The build in 3D

FreeCAD model of this build, the near half of the body cut away: the stand with its seat, band and shelf, the bellows and hose, pipe C inside tube D, the drilled bowl as disk d, the float with its pegs, the lid with its teat and cover, and the lever with its link.
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10

Churn

Fill the bucket about one third full: about 6.5 litres of heavy cream at about 15 °C, checked with the thermometer. Drop the float in over tube D and put the lid on. Work the lever steadily and time it: each stroke blows a burst of air up the pipe, down the tube and out through the bowl's holes. When the butter has gathered on the float, lift it out, pour off the buttermilk, wash the butter in cold water until it runs clear, work in a pinch of salt and weigh it.

Efni fyrir þetta skref:

RjómiRjómi6.5 l
Gróft sjávarsaltGróft sjávarsalt1 stykki
VatnVatn1 stykki

Nauðsynleg verkfæri:

Hitamælir með nema sem situr íHitamælir með nema sem situr í
SkeiðklukkaSkeiðklukka
Stafræn eldhúsvogStafræn eldhúsvog
Stór hrærskál úr ryðfríu stáliStór hrærskál úr ryðfríu stáli
11

Troubleshooting

Atmospheric churn troubleshooting.

Flow

Loading...
12

History and honest limits

**Patrick S. Devlan** of Reading, Berks County, Pennsylvania (the drawing spells it Devlen), US 24,382, 14 June 1859. Earlier blast churns, he wrote, blew the air in one place, needed valves and did not collect the butter; he claimed the float in a churn worked by blast only. His only quantity is "say one third full". His pipe C rises straight from the bellows and his disk d spans the floor; our hose, drilled bowl, pegs and every size are ours.

Efni

19

Nauðsynleg verkfæri

15

Hönnunarskrár

3

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CC0 opinbert ríki

Þessi teikning er gefin út undir CC0. Þér er frjálst að afrita, breyta, dreifa og nota þetta verk í hvaða tilgangi sem er, án þess að biðja um leyfi.

Studdu smiðinn með því að kaupa vörur í gegnum teikningu hans þar sem hann fær þóknun smiða sem seljendur ákvarða, eða búðu til nýja endurskoðun á þessari teikningu og tengdu hana sem tengingu í þinni eigin teikningu til að deila tekjum.

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