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Hinged-Float Double-Dasher Churn: Floats That Close Going Down and Fall Open Coming Up
William Campbell of Waterloo, Pennsylvania, received US 25,383, dated 13 September 1859, for a dasher head made of perforated floats hinged in a frame. A lever on top of a removable partition works two dashers, one in each half of a box; as one goes down the other comes up. Going down, the cream presses the floats shut and the head fills the box's end; coming up, they fall open so the cream does not spatter over the top. Moving one shaft nearer the pivot shortens its stroke, and the butter gathers round it.
Campbell gives no sizes; every size here is ours.
Intermedio
About 2 days
Istruzioni
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1
Long stroke, short stroke
Long stroke, short stroke
Caricamento del notebook Jupyter…
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2
A lever working two dashers, before it
A lever working two dashers, before it
Campbell knew a lever with two dashers was not new. What he added were the hinged, perforated floats.
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3
Read US 25,383
Read US 25,383
"The descending dasher has its floats F, closed by the resistance of the cream. As the dasher head fills the end of the box, the cream is partly driven downward into the opposite end of the churn. Some of the milk rises through the perforations in the descending dasher; then upon the return stroke of lever C the milk takes the opposite course."
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4
Box A with legs
Box A with legs
From 20 mm hardwood cut a bottom 540 x 290 mm, two sides 540 x 400 mm and two ends 250 x 400 mm. In each side's inner face, in the middle, cut a groove 19 mm wide and 6 mm deep from top to bottom for the partition. Glue and screw the ends between the sides and the box onto the bottom. Drill an 18 mm hole low in each end for the buttermilk and shape two tapered hardwood plugs to fit. Screw four legs of 70 mm timber, 300 mm long, under the corners. Fill the box with water overnight so it swells tight, then empty it.
Materiali per questo passaggio:
Tavola di legno duro3 pezzi
Legno tenero 70x70 mm1 pezzo
Tasselli di legno duro1 pezzo
Colla da legno1 pezzo
Viti da legno30 pezziStrumenti necessari:
Sega circolare da banco
Sega a mano
Scalpelli
Trapano a batteria
Set di punte a lancia
Morsetto a barra
Squadra fissa
Metro a nastro
Acqua5
5
Partition B
Partition B
Cut an 18 mm hardwood partition 261 x 400 mm to slide down the grooves, with a post 60 mm wide rising 170 mm above it. Drill four rows of six 16 mm holes across its lower end, as Fig. 3 draws, the lowest row 25 mm up. Saw a 24 mm slot 50 mm deep in the top of the post and bore a 12.6 mm hole across it 150 mm above the box for the lever's pin.
Materiali per questo passaggio:
Tavola di legno duro1 pezzoStrumenti necessari:
Sega a mano
Seghetto alternativoTrapano a batteriaSet di punte a lancia
Serie di punte da trapanoScalpelli6
6
Dasher heads with hinged floats F
Dasher heads with hinged floats F
For each head make a hardwood frame 230 x 230 mm of 12 mm strips with a 12 mm bar across the middle and a block on top of the bar for the shaft's pin. Cut two floats 95 x 204 mm from 10 mm hardwood and drill each with three rows of five 14 mm holes. Hinge each float on the middle bar with stainless wire through drilled knuckles so its outer edge can fall open and rises against the frame's top lip when the head goes down.
Materiali per questo passaggio:
Tavola di legno duro1 pezzo
Filo di acciaio inox1 pezzoColla da legno1 pezzoViti da legno8 pezziStrumenti necessari:
Sega circolare da bancoSega a manoTrapano a batteriaSerie di punte da trapano
Lime (lima a mano)
Carta abrasiva7
7
Lever C, shafts D and E, cover G
Lever C, shafts D and E, cover G
Make the lever from hardwood 40 x 22 mm, 1,000 mm long, with its pivot hole 300 mm from the short end, a hole for shaft D 230 mm from the pivot on the long arm, and on the short arm a hole for E 230 mm out and a second hole c 150 mm out. Pin it into the post's slot with a 12 mm stainless rod. Cut shafts D and E from 22 mm dowel, 450 mm between pin centres, slot their ends and pin them to the lever and to the heads' blocks with 6 mm stainless bolts. Make cover G for the D end from 15 mm hardwood with a 30 mm slot for shaft D.
Materiali per questo passaggio:
Tavola di legno duro1 pezzoTasselli di legno duro1 pezzo
Barra di acciaio inossidabile1 pezzo
Assortimento di bulloni a testa esagonale4 pezzi
Dado autobloccante con inserto in nylon4 pezzi
Rondella piana4 pezziStrumenti necessari:
Sega a manoSeghetto alternativoTrapano a batteriaSerie di punte da trapano
Seghetto per metalli
Chiave regolabile a rullinoMetro a nastro8
8
The build in 3D
The build in 3D
FreeCAD model of this build, one side cut away: the box on its legs, the partition perforated low with its post, the lever on its pin, shafts D and E down to their heads, each head a frame with two perforated floats, the cover over the D end, and the plugs. Checked over 12 degrees each way with E in either hole.
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9
Churn, then gather
Churn, then gather
Plug both ends and pour about 15 litres of heavy cream at about 15 °C into the box, checked with the thermometer. Rock the lever steadily, timing it. When butter begins to form, unpin shaft E and pin it in hole c, and go on rocking: the butter gathers round E and rises above its head in the open end. Lift it out, draw the buttermilk off at the plugs, wash the butter in cold water until it runs clear, work in a pinch of salt and weigh it. To clean, pour in hot water, give a few strokes and lift the dashers and partition out to dry.
Materiali per questo passaggio:
Panna da montare15 l
Sale marino grosso1 pezzoAcqua1 pezzoStrumenti necessari:
Termometro a sonda permanente
Cronometro
Bilancia digitale da cucina
Grande ciotola da impasto in acciaio inossidabile10
10
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
Hinged-float churn troubleshooting.
Flow
Loading...
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11
History and honest limits
History and honest limits
**William Campbell** of Waterloo, Juniata County, Pennsylvania, US 25,383, 13 September 1859, "Churn". He claimed the perforated and hinged floats F as an improvement in dasher heads. He knew divided boxes and a lever working two dashers were not new, and that perforated dashers hinged to a central partition had been used in swinging churns. He gives no sizes, so every size here is ours. He set the shafts obliquely into the heads; ours are pinned at both ends so the heads stay level between the walls.
Materiali
13- 3 pezziSegnaposto
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Strumenti richiesti
19- 1 vendor sell this, none ship to you yetSegnaposto
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- 1 vendor sell this, none ship to you yetSegnaposto
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- 1 vendor sell this, none ship to you yetSegnaposto
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