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Twin-Crank Slide-Top Churn: Two Dashers on a Bent Crank Shaft, Sliding Plates Keep the Milk In
Cable L. Gilpatrick · Public domain
Buttercup

Imeundwa na

Buttercup

11. Novemba 2026IE
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Twin-Crank Slide-Top Churn: Two Dashers on a Bent Crank Shaft, Sliding Plates Keep the Milk In

Cable L. Gilpatrick of Saco, Maine, received US 25,405, dated 13 September 1859, for a churn. A crank shaft bent into two opposite cranks rides on two posts above a box and works two dashers, so one goes down as the other comes up. Each dasher is two boards crossed and bored with holes. The staffs pass through holes in two slides that move in casings on the top, following the staffs so the milk cannot splash out. The patent gives no sizes; every size here is ours.
Kati
About 2 days, plus printing

Maagizo

1

One up, one down

Inapakia daftari la Jupyter…
2

Two dashers in one box, a few weeks before

Campbell rocked his two dashers on a lever. Gilpatrick drives his from a bent crank shaft and covers the top with slides.
3

Read US 25,405

"Motion is then communicated to the dashers by means of the crank-shaft. As one dasher descends, the other ascends. Thus the milk is kept in contant agitation, which is necessary in order to churn expeditiously. The slides being operated upon by the dasher-staffs prevents the milk from splashing out, as it otherwise would do."
4

Print the staff collars

Each collar is two halves round a crank pin: the lower half with a 30 mm square socket for the staff, and a cap; two M5 screws close them. Print two sets. PETG, 0.2 mm layers, 40 % infill, 4 walls.
Faili ya UsanifuSTLCC0 - Free
Pakua modeli
5

Box A and its posts

From 20 mm hardwood make a box 400 x 360 mm and 450 mm deep inside, with a bottom. Make the two 400 mm sides 170 mm taller, narrowed to posts 120 mm wide above the box, and bore each post 13 mm, 600 mm above the bottom's underside, for the shaft. Glue and screw a cleat 20 mm square along the inside of each post side, 30 mm below the rim, for the top. Fill the box with water overnight so it swells tight, then empty it.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Ubao wa Mti MgumuUbao wa Mti Mgumu3 vipande
Gundi ya MbaoGundi ya Mbao1 kipande
Parafujo za mbaoParafujo za mbao30 vipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Msumeno wa mezaMsumeno wa meza
Msumeno wa mkonoMsumeno wa mkono
Kekee cha BetriKekee cha Betri
Seti ya vichimbuziSeti ya vichimbuzi
Kibano cha upauKibano cha upau
Kipima pembe cha nyuzi tisiniKipima pembe cha nyuzi tisini
Tepi ya kupimiaTepi ya kupimia
MajiMaji
6

Crank shaft D and crank E

Cut 12 mm stainless rod about 750 mm long. Heat each bend red with the torch and bend it in the vise into two cranks of 50 mm throw, pointing opposite ways, each crank pin 50 mm long, their middles 180 mm apart. Check the journals line up by rolling the shaft on the bench. Thread one end through a post, the collars' lower halves onto the pins, and the other end through the other post. Fix a hardwood crank E, 160 mm long with a handle, on the end that sticks out.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Fimbo ya chuma cha puaFimbo ya chuma cha pua1 kipande
Ubao wa Mti MgumuUbao wa Mti Mgumu1 kipande
Vijiti vya mbao ngumuVijiti vya mbao ngumu1 kipande
Gundi ya MbaoGundi ya Mbao1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Tochi ya PropaniTochi ya Propani
Kibano cha meza ya kaziKibano cha meza ya kazi
NyundoNyundo
Glavu Zinazostahimili JotoGlavu Zinazostahimili Joto
Msumeno wa chumaMsumeno wa chuma
Tupa (Tupa ya Mkono)Tupa (Tupa ya Mkono)
Kekee cha BetriKekee cha Betri
Seti ya vichimbuziSeti ya vichimbuzi
Tepi ya kupimiaTepi ya kupimia
7

Top A', casings F and slides H

Cut the top to drop onto the cleats, with two slots 140 x 50 mm across it, under the cranks, and a finger hole. Over each slot build a casing F: two rails 20 x 26 mm, 370 mm long, 80 mm apart, with a strip on each that overhangs the inside by 8 mm, and an end block at each end, leaving 346 mm inside. Cut each slide H 240 x 79 mm from 18 mm hardwood, so it slides under the strips, with a hole 34 mm square in its middle, 4 mm bigger than the staff.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Ubao wa Mti MgumuUbao wa Mti Mgumu2 vipande
Gundi ya MbaoGundi ya Mbao1 kipande
Parafujo za mbaoParafujo za mbao24 vipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Msumeno wa mezaMsumeno wa meza
Mashine ya kuchonga pembeMashine ya kuchonga pembe
Patasi ya kutoboa tundu la kiungoPatasi ya kutoboa tundu la kiungo
Nyundo ya mbaoNyundo ya mbao
Kekee cha BetriKekee cha Betri
Seti ya vichimbuziSeti ya vichimbuzi
Sandarusi (karatasi ya kusugua)Sandarusi (karatasi ya kusugua)
Kibano cha upauKibano cha upau
8

Staffs B and dashers C

Cut two staffs 30 mm square, 480 mm long. For each dasher, half-lap two boards 180 x 50 x 15 mm into a cross, bore eight 12 mm holes, cut a 30 mm square hole in the middle, and glue the staff's end into it. Set the top on its cleats, pass each staff up through its slide's hole, and bolt the collar's cap over its pin and onto the staff's top, turning the cross so its arms point to the box's corners.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Ubao wa Mti MgumuUbao wa Mti Mgumu1 kipande
Gundi ya MbaoGundi ya Mbao1 kipande
Skrubu za mashineSkrubu za mashine4 vipande
Washa bapaWasha bapa4 vipande
Nati ya Kufungasha yenye NailoniNati ya Kufungasha yenye Nailoni4 vipande
Uzi wa PETGUzi wa PETG1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Printa ya 3D ya nyuzi (FDM)Printa ya 3D ya nyuzi (FDM)
Msumeno wa mezaMsumeno wa meza
Patasi ya kutoboa tundu la kiungoPatasi ya kutoboa tundu la kiungo
Nyundo ya mbaoNyundo ya mbao
Kekee cha BetriKekee cha Betri
Seti ya vichimbuziSeti ya vichimbuzi
Seti ya bisibisiSeti ya bisibisi
Sandarusi (karatasi ya kusugua)Sandarusi (karatasi ya kusugua)
9

The build in 3D

FreeCAD model of this build, one side and the lower part of one post cut away: the box, the bent crank shaft on its posts with crank E, the two staffs in their collars, the dashers, and the slides in their casings on the top. The crank was turned through 24 positions.
Faili ya UsanifuBLENDCC0 - Free
Pakua modeli
10

Churn

Lift the collars' caps off, take out the top, pour in about 15 litres of heavy cream at about 15 °C, checked with the thermometer, and put the top and caps back. Turn the crank steadily, timing it. When the butter comes, take the top out, lift out the butter, drain the buttermilk, wash the butter in cold water until it runs clear, work in a pinch of salt and weigh it.

Vifaa kwa hatua hii:

Malai nzitoMalai nzito15 l
Chumvi ya Bahari MbichiChumvi ya Bahari Mbichi1 kipande
MajiMaji1 kipande

Zana zinazohitajika:

Kipima joto chenye kijiti kinachobaki ndaniKipima joto chenye kijiti kinachobaki ndani
Saa ya kupima mudaSaa ya kupima muda
Mizani ya dijitali ya jikoniMizani ya dijitali ya jikoni
Bakuli kubwa la kuchanganyia la chuma cha puaBakuli kubwa la kuchanganyia la chuma cha pua
Seti ya bisibisiSeti ya bisibisi
11

Troubleshooting

Twin-crank churn troubleshooting.

Flow

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12

History and honest limits

**Cable L. Gilpatrick** of Saco, Maine, US 25,405, 13 September 1859, "Churn". He claimed the crank shaft D and staffs B with the top A', "when said top is provided with boxes (F,) in which play slides, through which the staffs pass". The patent gives no sizes; every size here is ours. His collars are not described beyond "passing around said cranks"; ours are printed and split so the top can come out.

Vifaa

12

Zana Zinazohitajika

24

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